Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted at South of Ras El-Hekma (56 km east of Marsa Matrouh city) under rainfed conditions during 2005/ 2006 and 2006/ 2007 winter seasons, to show the response of pure stands of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and their mixture (75 % barley and 25 % vetch) to P-fertilizer levels (0, 7.5, 15 and 22.5 Kg P2 O5/ fad) to study the effect of cropping systems and P-fertilization on grain and straw yields, as well as, field stubble and water use efficiency. The obtained results scribed that, barley- vetch mixture (75 % barley + 25 % vetch) at different growth stages; i.e., booting, 50% heading and physiological stages, was superior to mono-cropping system of barley and vetch in fresh forage, dry matter and field stubble yields, as well as, crude protein yield in both seasons. Also, at harvesting time; i.e., full maturity stage, B-V mixture gave the highest grain and straw yields with higher total crude protein yield. Mixed cropping system was efficiently in water-use compared to pure stands of barley and vetch. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was more than one for mixed cropping system, which also, led to the highest LER in respect to dry matter yield, crude protein yield at different growth stages and harvesting at full maturity. Applying of higher P-fertilizer level; i.e., 22.5 Kg P2O5/ fad gave the highest of studied traits. Economically, barley-vetch mixture with P-fertilizer level of 22.5 Kg P2O5/ fad gave the highest values of gross and net returns, while, B-V mixture with application of 15 Kg P2O5/ fad achieved the highest values of average rate of return (ARR). Ultimately, these results ascertained the importance of entering some of contingent forage crops, such as vetch to associate with barley in mixed-cropping system particularly, with P-fertilization, also to improve the crop/ livestock farming system, which might be contribute in sustainable development of rainfed conditions at Ras El-Hekma, Matrouh, Northwestern coast of Egypt.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The barley-vetch mixture gave higher fresh forage, dry matter and field stubble yields than monocrops of barley and vetch.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Organ / stage
- booting, 50% heading and physiological stagese0
- Treatment
- barley- vetch mixture (75 % barley + 25 % vetch)e0
- Outcome
- fresh forage, dry matter and field stubble yieldse0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- mono-cropping system of barley and vetche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“barley- vetch mixture (75 % barley + 25 % vetch) at different growth stages; i.e., booting, 50% heading and physiological stages, was superior to mono-cropping system of barley and vetch in fresh forage, dry matter and field stubble yields, as well as, crude protein yield in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
The barley-vetch mixture gave higher crude protein yield than monocrops of barley and vetch in both seasons.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- barley- vetch mixture (75 % barley + 25 % vetch)e0
- Outcome
- crude protein yielde0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- mono-cropping system of barley and vetche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“barley- vetch mixture (75 % barley + 25 % vetch) at different growth stages; i.e., booting, 50% heading and physiological stages, was superior to mono-cropping system of barley and vetch in fresh forage, dry matter and field stubble yields, as well as, crude protein yield in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
At full maturity, the barley-vetch mixture gave the highest grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- full maturity stagee0
- Treatment
- B-V mixturee0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“at harvesting time; i.e., full maturity stage, B-V mixture gave the highest grain and straw yields with higher total crude protein yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At full maturity, the barley-vetch mixture gave higher total crude protein yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- full maturity stagee0
- Treatment
- B-V mixturee0
- Outcome
- total crude protein yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“at harvesting time; i.e., full maturity stage, B-V mixture gave the highest grain and straw yields with higher total crude protein yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixed cropping system used water more efficiently than pure stands of barley and vetch.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Mixed cropping systeme0
- Outcome
- water-usee0
- Direction
- efficientlye0
- Comparator
- pure stands of barley and vetche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“Mixed cropping system was efficiently in water-use compared to pure stands of barley and vetch”
Claim · model-written summary
The land equivalent ratio of the mixed cropping system was more than one.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- land equivalent ratio (LER)e0
- Value
- more than onee0
- Qualifier
- for mixed cropping systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“The land equivalent ratio (LER) was more than one for mixed cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
The land equivalent ratio was highest for dry matter yield and crude protein yield in the mixed cropping system.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- LERe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in respect to dry matter yield, crude protein yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“led to the highest LER in respect to dry matter yield, crude protein yield at different growth stages and harvesting at full maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher P-fertilizer level of 22.5 Kg P2O5/fad gave the highest value of the studied traits.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- higher P-fertilizer level; i.e., 22.5 Kg P2O5/ fade0
- Outcome
- studied traitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“Applying of higher P-fertilizer level; i.e., 22.5 Kg P2O5/ fad gave the highest of studied traits”
Claim · model-written summary
The barley-vetch mixture with 22.5 Kg P2O5/fad gave the highest gross and net returns.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- barley-vetch mixture with P-fertilizer level of 22.5 Kg P2O5/ fade0
- Outcome
- gross and net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“barley-vetch mixture with P-fertilizer level of 22.5 Kg P2O5/ fad gave the highest values of gross and net returns”
Claim · model-written summary
The barley-vetch mixture with 15 Kg P2O5/fad achieved the highest average rate of return.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- application of 15 Kg P2O5/ fade0
- Outcome
- average rate of return (ARR)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BARLEY AND VETCH MIXTURE”
e0“B-V mixture with application of 15 Kg P2O5/ fad achieved the highest values of average rate of return (ARR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vetch associated with barley in mixed cropping, with P fertilization, is recommended for rainfed farming systems.
Verbatim
e0“the importance of entering some of contingent forage crops, such as vetch to associate with barley in mixed-cropping system”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
76 papers more in this group
See all 80 papers →intercropping · physiology: water · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.