Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2018 at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Hiriyur, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamoggato study the effect of various levels of hydrogel, farm yard manure (FYM) and mulching on growth parameters, yield attributes and economics of groundnut cultivation under the rainfed condition. Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70). Significantly lower growth and yield attributes were noticed in treatment with no hydrogel and manure application.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher plant height of 6.45 at 30 DAS.
- Taxon
- Groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6.45e0
- Qualifier
- at 30, 60 and 90 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher plant height of 17.83 at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 17.83e0
- Qualifier
- at 30, 60 and 90 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher plant height of 30.14 cm at 90 DAS.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 30.14 cme0
- Qualifier
- at 30, 60 and 90 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher number of branches of 4.91 at 30 DAS.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.91e0
- Qualifier
- at 30, 60 and 90 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher number of branches of 7.52 at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 7.52e0
- Qualifier
- at 30, 60 and 90 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher number of branches of 9.27 at 90 DAS.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 9.27e0
- Qualifier
- at 30, 60 and 90 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher number of pods per plant of 25.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 25e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher pod yield per plant of 4.57 g.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- pod yield per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.57 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher shelling percentage of 67.41%.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- shelling percentagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 67.41%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher dry pod yield of 1470 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- dry pod yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1470 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher kernel yield of 991 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- kernel yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 991 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher haulm yield of 3114 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- haulm yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3114 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher gross returns of Rs.62, 560 ha-1.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- Rs.62, 560 ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher net returns of Rs.25, 760 ha-1.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- Rs.25, 760 ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RDF plus hydrogel and FYM gave higher benefit-cost (B: C) ratio of 1.70.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- benefit-cost (B: C) ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.70e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that, treatment with the application of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) along with hydrogel @ 4 kg ha-1 and FYM @ 10 t ha-1 was recorded significantly higher plant height (6.45, 17.83 and 30.14 cm) and number of branches (4.91, 7.52 and 9.27) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and also yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant (25), pod yield per plant (4.57 g), shelling percentage (67.41%), dry pod yield (1470 kg ha-1), kernel yield (991 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (3114 kg ha-1) at harvest with higher gross returns (Rs.62, 560 ha-1), net returns (Rs.25, 760 ha-1) and benefit-cost (B: C) ratio (1.70).”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
No hydrogel or manure gave significantly lower growth and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- no hydrogel and manure applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower growth and yield attributes were noticed in treatment with no hydrogel and manure application.”
t0“Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
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