Abstract
Abstract Humic substances have been reported to increase plant growth. A stimulating effect on the growth of legumes may improve biological nitrogen fixation in soils. The present investigation studied dry matter production, nodulation and N content in nodules of soybean ( Glycine max L., ‘Bragg’), peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L., ‘Florunner’), and clover ( Trifolium vesiculosum , ‘Arrow leaf’), grown in sand cultures containing a fertilizer mixture and 0 to 800 mg kg −1 (ppm) of fulvic acid (FA) or humic acid (HA). The results indicated that FA and HA were capable of stimulating dry matter production in the plants. Dry weights of roots and nodules showed a tendency to increase over the control at 100 to 400 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA or HA. The increases in total dry matter production were statistically significant at 800 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA or HA, and a positive correlation was noticed between increases in dry weights of shoots, roots, and nodules and FA and HA concentrations. Fewer nodules were produced by plants receiving FA and HA treatments than the control, but the nodule mass was greater with the FA and HA treatments. The N content of nodules was little affected by the treatments, although a tendency can be noticed that 100 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA had decreased the N content in the nodules of both soybean and peanut plants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic and humic acids stimulated dry matter production in soybean, peanut and clover.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and Clover
Arachis hypogaea
Glycine max
Trifoliumt0 - Treatment
- FA and HAe1
- Outcome
- dry matter productione1
- Direction
- stimulatinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e1“The results indicated that FA and HA were capable of stimulating dry matter production in the plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Total dry matter production increased significantly with 800 mg/kg of FA or HA.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and CloverArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxTrifoliumt0
- Treatment
- 800 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA or HAe2
- Outcome
- total dry matter productione2
- Direction
- increasese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e2“The increases in total dry matter production were statistically significant at 800 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA or HA”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weights of roots and nodules tended to increase over the control at 100 to 400 mg/kg of FA or HA.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and CloverArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxTrifoliumt0
- Treatment
- 100 to 400 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA or HAe3
- Outcome
- Dry weights of roots and nodulese3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Qualifier
- a tendencye3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e3“Dry weights of roots and nodules showed a tendency to increase over the control at 100 to 400 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA or HA”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weights of shoots, roots and nodules were positively correlated with FA and HA concentrations.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and CloverArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxTrifoliumt0
- Treatment
- FA and HA concentrationse4
- Outcome
- dry weights of shoots, roots, and nodulese4
- Direction
- positive correlatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e4“a positive correlation was noticed between increases in dry weights of shoots, roots, and nodules and FA and HA concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Fewer nodules were produced with FA and HA treatments than in the control.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and CloverArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxTrifoliumt0
- Treatment
- FA and HA treatmentse5
- Outcome
- nodulese5
- Direction
- Fewere5
- Comparator
- the controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e5“Fewer nodules were produced by plants receiving FA and HA treatments than the control, but the nodule mass was greater with the FA and HA treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodule mass was greater with FA and HA treatments.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and CloverArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxTrifoliumt0
- Treatment
- FA and HA treatmentse5
- Outcome
- nodule masse5
- Direction
- greatere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e5“Fewer nodules were produced by plants receiving FA and HA treatments than the control, but the nodule mass was greater with the FA and HA treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
N content of nodules was little affected by the treatments.
- Taxon
- Soybean, Peanut, and CloverArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxTrifoliumt0
- Outcome
- N content of nodulese6
- Qualifier
- little affected by the treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean, Peanut, and Clover”
e6“The N content of nodules was little affected by the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
FA at 100 mg/kg tended to decrease N content in the nodules of soybean and peanut.
- Taxon
- soybean and peanutArachis hypogaeaGlycine maxe7
- Treatment
- 100 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FAe7
- Outcome
- N content in the nodulese7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Qualifier
- a tendencye7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“a tendency can be noticed that 100 mg kg −1 (ppm) of FA had decreased the N content in the nodules of both soybean and peanut plants”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.