Abstract
Drought stress affects not only crop growth but also its morpho‐physiological and biochemical traits to reduce crop productivity. The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants. For this purpose, seeds were inoculated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B 1 ), Bacillus sp. Strain1 (B 2 ), and Azotobacter chroococcum (A) as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The individual inoculated plants were then grown under field conditions in 2015, while individually and in combination in pots in 2016. The irrigation regimes in either experiments included 50, 75 and 100% crop water requirement. Bacterial cultures were observed to produce ammonia (except B 2 ), indole acetic acid and siderophores. Results showed that the PGPRs significantly mitigated the effects of water deficit. Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content. B 1 exhibited greater effects on most of the traits investigated under the field conditions rather than those with moderate and severe drought stress, while application of the triple bacteria in pots had greater effects on relative water content, carbohydrate and proline contents as well as malondialdehyde. The significant differences in abiotic stress indicators in PGPR‐treated plants suggest that these bacteria could be used as biofertilizers to assist plant growth and to reduce the adverse effects of deficit irrigation.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation significantly mitigated the effects of water deficit on flax.
- Taxon
- flax
Linum usitatissimume0 - Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Interactor
- PGPRse3symbiont
- Outcome
- effects of water deficite3
- Direction
- mitigatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e3“Results showed that the PGPRs significantly mitigated the effects of water deficit”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterially inoculated flax had enhanced relative water content compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- relative water contente4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e4“Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterially inoculated flax had enhanced plant height compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- plant heighte4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e4“Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterially inoculated flax had enhanced proline contents compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- proline contentse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e4“Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterially inoculated flax had enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e4“Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterially inoculated flax had decreased malondialdehyde content compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde contente4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e4“Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterially inoculated flax had enhanced carbohydrate content compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- bacterial inoculatione0
- Outcome
- carbohydratee4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e4“Compared with the control plants, the bacterially‐inoculated plants had an enhanced relative water content, plant height, water‐soluble carbohydrate and proline contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, but a decreased malondialdehyde content”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens had greater effects on most traits of flax under field conditions than under moderate and severe drought stress.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciense2
- Interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
.jpg?width=60)
Bacillus amyloliquefaciense2symbiont - Outcome
- traits investigatede5
- Direction
- greater effectse5
- Comparator
- moderate and severe drought stresse5
- Setting
- field conditionse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e2“seeds were inoculated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B 1 ), Bacillus sp. Strain1 (B 2 ), and Azotobacter chroococcum (A) as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)”
e5“B 1 exhibited greater effects on most of the traits investigated under the field conditions rather than those with moderate and severe drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of the triple bacteria in pots had greater effects on relative water content of flax.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- application of the triple bacteriae6
- Interactor
- triple bacteriae6symbiont
- Outcome
- relative water contente6
- Direction
- greater effectse6
- Setting
- in potse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e6“application of the triple bacteria in pots had greater effects on relative water content, carbohydrate and proline contents as well as malondialdehyde”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of the triple bacteria in pots had greater effects on carbohydrate and proline contents and malondialdehyde of flax.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- application of the triple bacteriae6
- Interactor
- triple bacteriae6symbiont
- Outcome
- carbohydrate and proline contents as well as malondialdehydee6
- Direction
- greater effectse6
- Setting
- in potse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e6“application of the triple bacteria in pots had greater effects on relative water content, carbohydrate and proline contents as well as malondialdehyde”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial cultures produced ammonia, except for B 2.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Interactor
- Bacterial culturese1symbiont
- Outcome
- produce ammoniae1
- Qualifier
- except B 2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e1“Bacterial cultures were observed to produce ammonia (except B 2 ), indole acetic acid and siderophores”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial cultures produced indole acetic acid and siderophores.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Interactor
- Bacterial culturese1symbiont
- Outcome
- indole acetic acid and siderophorese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e1“Bacterial cultures were observed to produce ammonia (except B 2 ), indole acetic acid and siderophores”
Claim · model-written summary
The bacteria could be used as biofertilizers to assist flax growth and reduce the adverse effects of deficit irrigation.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- biofertilizerse7
- Outcome
- plant growthe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study reported in this article was designed and implemented to determine the effects of deficit irrigation and bacterial inoculation on flax plants”
e7“these bacteria could be used as biofertilizers to assist plant growth”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · physiology: osmolytes · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · growth · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.