Abstract
Background: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of the most important legume crops cultivated throughout the world. Cowpea is used as food, feed, forage, fodder, green manuring and vegetable. It’s seed is a nutritious component in the human diet, as well as for livestock. Seed hardening and pelleting are seed enhancement techniques used to improve seed germination and seedling vigour and growth by altering the physiological state of the seed. This alteration may improve the vigor or the physiology of the seed by enhancing uniformity of germination. Seed enhancement techniques like hardening and priming include use of chemicals that trigger systemic acquired resistance or improve stress tolerance whereas the pelleting treatments improve seed handling and planting. They also enhance nutrient availability or provide inoculates by delivering materials needed during sowing, germination and seedling establishment. Hence in order to study the combined effect of seed hardening and pelleting on growth, yield and resultant seed quality of cowpea under natural saline conditions, the present study was taken up. Methods: The present field and laboratory investigations were carried out to study the effect of seed hardening, seed pelleting and their combined effect on growth, physiology, yield and resultant seed quality of cowpea under natural saline conditions. The fresh seeds of cowpea seeds cv. CO (CP) 7 were hardened with KCl @ 1%, CaCl2 @ 1% and both KCl and CaCl2 @ 1% and then the hardened seeds were further pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 100, 150 and 200 g kg-1 of seed. Then the treated seeds were evaluated for their seed productivity and resultant seed qualities using untreated seeds as control. Observations on growth, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters, yield and resultant seed quality parameters were recorded. Result: The experimental results revealed that among the treatments, seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher growth, yield parameters, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and resultant seed quality when compared to control and other treatments.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Combined KCl and CaCl2 hardening and pungam leaf powder pelleting produced higher cowpea growth than control and other treatments.
- Taxon
- Cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kge0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control and other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher growth, yield parameters, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and resultant seed quality when compared to control and other treatments.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined hardening and pelleting produced higher cowpea yield parameters than control and other treatments.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kge0
- Outcome
- yield parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control and other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher growth, yield parameters, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and resultant seed quality when compared to control and other treatments.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined hardening and pelleting produced higher cowpea leaf chlorophyll content than control and other treatments.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kge0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control and other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher growth, yield parameters, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and resultant seed quality when compared to control and other treatments.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined hardening and pelleting produced higher cowpea gas exchange parameters than control and other treatments.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kge0
- Outcome
- gas exchange parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control and other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher growth, yield parameters, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and resultant seed quality when compared to control and other treatments.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined hardening and pelleting produced higher resultant cowpea seed quality than control and other treatments.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kge0
- Outcome
- resultant seed qualitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control and other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds hardened with KCl @ 1 % + CaCl2 @ 1 % and pelleted with pungam leaf powder @ 200 g per kg recorded higher growth, yield parameters, leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and resultant seed quality when compared to control and other treatments.”
t0“Cowpea”
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