Abstract
An investigation entitled “Effect of FYM, Zn and Trichoderma spp. applications on growth, yield and cadmium uptake by spinach beet grown in Cd contaminated soil” was carried out during rabi 2016 at Department of Natural Resources Management, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari. The present pot trial consisting of 18 treatment combinations involving three levels of FYM (F0: control, F1: 10 t ha-1 and F2: 20 t ha-1) and two levels of Trichoderma (T0:- Control, T1:- 2 kg ha-1) and three levels of Zinc (Z0: control, Z1: 2.5 mg kg-1 and Z2: 5.0 mg kg-1) was conducted in FCRD with three repetitions. The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively. However, significantly lowest Cd content was found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd cutting with magnitude in decrease by 9.06, 16.22 and 10.37 percent, respectively in leaves and 17.91 percent in root. However, N, P and K content significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1(T1) over no application (T0) except during 2nd cutting in K content. Fe content was significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1(T1) over no application (T0) except Fe content during 2nd and 3rd cutting. While Cu and Cd content in leaves during 1st and 3rd cuttings and Cd content in root were significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma (2 kg ha-1) over the control. The concentration of macro and micro nutrient were significantly higher with Z2 treatment as compared to Z1 and Z0 treatment. However, macro and micro nutrients uptake by leaves significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1(T1) over no application (T0) during 1st, 2nd and 3rd cutting. However, significantly highest N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn uptake by leaves were found due to application of Zinc @ 5 mg kg-1(Z2) over Z1 and Z0 with corresponding value of 0.302.0, 0.296, 0.275 g pot-1; 0.0226, 0.0215, 0.0137 g pot-1 and 0.394, 0.331, 0.341 g pot-1; 5.13, 6.21 and 2.95 mg pot-1; 0.53, 0. 51 and 0.48 mg pot-1; 0.050, 0.059 and 0.052 mg pot-1; and 0.1622, 0.1460 and 0.1489 mg pot-1, respectively during 1st, 2nd and 3rd cutting.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet N content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet P content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet K content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet Fe content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet Mn content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet Cu content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 20 t ha-1 gave highest spinach beet Zn content.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly highest content of N (3.20, 3.08 and 3.02 percent), P (0.23,0.23 and 0.16 percent) and K(3.86, 3.38 and 3.51 percent), Fe (526.79, 615.88, 313.10 ppm), Mn (53.61,50.10, 49.05 ppm), Cu (5.13, 6.08, 5.55 ppm) and Zn (15.48, 14.5, 15.78 ppm) were found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F1 and F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd, respectively.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM reduced leaf Cd content by 9.06, 16.22 and 10.37 percent across cuttings.
Verbatim
e0“However, significantly lowest Cd content was found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd cutting with magnitude in decrease by 9.06, 16.22 and 10.37 percent, respectively in leaves and 17.91 percent in root.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM reduced root Cd content by 17.91 percent.
Verbatim
e0“However, significantly lowest Cd content was found due to application of FYM @ 20 t ha-1 over F0 during 1st, 2nd and 3rd cutting with magnitude in decrease by 9.06, 16.22 and 10.37 percent, respectively in leaves and 17.91 percent in root.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma significantly affected N, P and K content except second-cut K.
- Taxon
- spinach beett0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1e0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0symbiont - Outcome
- N, P and K contente0
- Qualifier
- except during 2nd cutting in K contente0
- Comparator
- no applicatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, N, P and K content significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1(T1) over no application (T0) except during 2nd cutting in K content.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma significantly affected Fe content except in later cuttings.
- Taxon
- spinach beett0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1e0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- Fe contente0
- Comparator
- no applicatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe content was significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1(T1) over no application (T0) except Fe content during 2nd and 3rd cutting.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma affected leaf Cu and Cd and root Cd content.
- Taxon
- spinach beett0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma (2 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- Cu and Cd content in leavese0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“While Cu and Cd content in leaves during 1st and 3rd cuttings and Cd content in root were significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma (2 kg ha-1) over the control.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Z2 produced higher nutrient concentrations.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of macro and micro nutrient were significantly higher with Z2 treatment as compared to Z1 and Z0 treatment.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma affected leaf nutrient uptake in all cuttings.
- Taxon
- spinach beett0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1e0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- macro and micro nutrients uptake by leavese0
- Comparator
- no applicatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, macro and micro nutrients uptake by leaves significantly affected due to application of Trichoderma @ 2 kg ha-1(T1) over no application (T0) during 1st, 2nd and 3rd cutting.”
t0“spinach beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc at 5 mg kg-1 gave highest leaf nutrient uptake.
Verbatim
e0“However, significantly highest N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn uptake by leaves were found due to application of Zinc @ 5 mg kg-1(Z2) over Z1 and Z0”
t0“spinach beet”