Paper · 2020 · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science

Effect of soil management and biofertilizer application on cocoa’s flower and fruit development

Kaimuddin; Nasaruddin; D Darwis

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
1
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Abstract A research aimed to determine the effectiveness of tillage and biofertilizer on the development of flowers and fruit on cocoa ( Theobroma cacao . L). This research was conducted in Barang Village, Liliriaja Subdistrict, Soppeng Regency. The research was carried out based on a 2-factor factorial design with randomized block design (RBD) as the basic design. The first factor was soil tillage which consisted of 4 levels namely; without tillage and without mulch; organic mulch without tillage; tillage without mulch, tillage and organic mulch. The second factor was biofertilizer application which consisted of 4 levels, namely: without biofertilizer, biofertilizer 1 cc.L −1 , biofertilizer 1.5 cc.L −1 , and biofertilizer 2 cc.L −1 . Therefore, there were 16 treatment combinations that were repeated 3 (three) times and each unit consisted of 4 plants making a total of 192 plants. The results indicated that the biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127), falling fruit nipples (50.00), survived fruit of 10-12 cm (77), harvested fruit (24.58), dry weight of 100 seeds (96.10) and pod index (22.80). The interaction was shown on the parameter of highest number of seeds with 2 cc L-1 of biofertilizer application (32.96).

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The g3 and g2 biofertilizer treatments gave the highest mean number of formed fruit nipples.

Treatment
biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 )e0
Outcome
formed fruit nipplese0
Direction
higheste0
Value
127e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1040 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The g3 and g2 biofertilizer treatments gave the highest mean number of falling fruit nipples.

Treatment
biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 )e0
Outcome
falling fruit nipplese0
Direction
higheste0
Value
50.00e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127), falling fruit nipples (50.00)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1071 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The g3 and g2 biofertilizer treatments gave the highest mean number of surviving 10–12 cm fruits.

Treatment
biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 )e0
Outcome
survived fruit of 10-12 cme0
Direction
higheste0
Value
77e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127), falling fruit nipples (50.00), survived fruit of 10-12 cm (77)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1104 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The g3 and g2 biofertilizer treatments gave the highest mean harvested fruit.

Treatment
biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 )e0
Outcome
harvested fruite0
Direction
higheste0
Value
24.58e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127), falling fruit nipples (50.00), survived fruit of 10-12 cm (77), harvested fruit (24.58)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1129 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The g3 and g2 biofertilizer treatments gave the highest dry weight of 100 seeds.

Treatment
biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 )e0
Outcome
dry weight of 100 seedse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
96.10e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127), falling fruit nipples (50.00), survived fruit of 10-12 cm (77), harvested fruit (24.58), dry weight of 100 seeds (96.10)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1162 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The g3 and g2 biofertilizer treatments gave the highest pod index.

Treatment
biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 )e0
Outcome
pod indexe0
Direction
higheste0
Value
22.80e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“biofertilizer g3 (2 cc.L −1 ) and g2 (1.5 cc.L −1 ) provided the highest average of the formed fruit nipples (127), falling fruit nipples (50.00), survived fruit of 10-12 cm (77), harvested fruit (24.58), dry weight of 100 seeds (96.10) and pod index (22.80)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1184 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

An interaction produced the highest seed number with 2 cc L-1 biofertilizer.

Treatment
2 cc L-1 of biofertilizer applicatione0
Outcome
number of seedse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
32.96e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao · TaxonLuisovalles · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The interaction was shown on the parameter of highest number of seeds with 2 cc L-1 of biofertilizer application (32.96)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1306 · show in text ↑
t0

“cocoa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–64 · show in text ↑

inoculation · survival · Theobroma cacao (cocoa)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

inoculation · yield · Theobroma cacao (cocoa)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.