Abstract
Foliar application of essential minerals is considered as an economical approach to enhance growth and productivity of crop plants. This study aims to assess the individual and combined effects of potassium (KNO3; K+= 4.5 Kg ha−1) and boron (H3BO3; B3+ = 0.15 Kg ha−1) on growth and yield of salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496). Plants were grown in lysimeters and irrigated with 0, 6 and 12 dS m−1 sea salt solutions, for 12 weeks. Foliar application of K+, B3+ and K++B3+ improved plant height and biomass under both non-saline and saline conditions. Foliar enrichment of minerals not only reduced sodium (Na+) entry but also enhanced K+ availability, hence maintained a favorable ion relation (K+/Na+) in photosynthetic tissues. Such regulations along with maintained succulence and production of organic osmolytes (e.g., sugars) helped plant in osmotic adjustment. Salt induced inhibition of reproductive growth was also significantly reverted by foliar application of K+, B3+ and K++B3+. Number of cotton bolls, lint weight, number and weight of seeds and seed cotton yield were significantly improved by K+, B3+ and K++B3+ application. Combined application (K++B3+) showed maximum plant growth and productivity even at higher salinity (12 dS m−1). This approach can be adopted to obtain a considerable crop yield from less productive soils using saline water irrigation and can provide profitable outcomes by converting vast degraded lands into lucrative resources.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar K+, B3+ and their combination improved cotton height and biomass under saline and non-saline conditions.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Material
- CIM 496e1
- Treatment
- K+, B3+ and K++B3+e0
- Outcome
- plant height and biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of K+, B3+ and K++B3+ improved plant height and biomass under both non-saline and saline conditions.”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar mineral enrichment reduced sodium entry in cotton photosynthetic tissues.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Organ / stage
- photosynthetic tissuese0
- Treatment
- Foliar enrichment of mineralse0
- Outcome
- sodium (Na+) entrye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar enrichment of minerals not only reduced sodium (Na+) entry but also enhanced K+ availability, hence maintained a favorable ion relation (K+/Na+) in photosynthetic tissues.”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar mineral enrichment enhanced K+ availability in cotton photosynthetic tissues.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Organ / stage
- photosynthetic tissuese0
- Treatment
- Foliar enrichment of mineralse0
- Outcome
- K+ availabilitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar enrichment of minerals not only reduced sodium (Na+) entry but also enhanced K+ availability, hence maintained a favorable ion relation (K+/Na+) in photosynthetic tissues.”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar mineral enrichment maintained a favorable cotton tissue K+/Na+ relation.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Foliar enrichment of mineralse0
- Outcome
- favorable ion relation (K+/Na+)e0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar enrichment of minerals not only reduced sodium (Na+) entry but also enhanced K+ availability, hence maintained a favorable ion relation (K+/Na+) in photosynthetic tissues.”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maintained succulence and organic osmolyte production helped cotton osmotic adjustment.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- osmotic adjustmente0
- Qualifier
- maintained succulence and production of organic osmolytes (e.g., sugars)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such regulations along with maintained succulence and production of organic osmolytes (e.g., sugars) helped plant in osmotic adjustment.”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar K+, B3+ and their combination significantly reversed salt inhibition of cotton reproductive growth.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- K+, B3+ and K++B3+e0
- Outcome
- reproductive growthe0
- Direction
- revertede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt induced inhibition of reproductive growth was also significantly reverted by foliar application of K+, B3+ and K++B3+.”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar K+, B3+ and their combination significantly improved cotton boll number and lint weight.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- K+, B3+ and K++B3+ applicatione0
- Outcome
- Number of cotton bolls, lint weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number of cotton bolls, lint weight, number and weight of seeds and seed cotton yield were significantly improved by K+, B3+ and K++B3+ application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar K+, B3+ and their combination significantly improved cotton seed number and weight.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- K+, B3+ and K++B3+ applicatione0
- Outcome
- number and weight of seedse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number of cotton bolls, lint weight, number and weight of seeds and seed cotton yield were significantly improved by K+, B3+ and K++B3+ application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar K+, B3+ and their combination significantly improved seed cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- K+, B3+ and K++B3+ applicatione0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number of cotton bolls, lint weight, number and weight of seeds and seed cotton yield were significantly improved by K+, B3+ and K++B3+ application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined K+ and B3+ gave maximum cotton growth and productivity even at 12 dS m−1 salinity.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Combined application (K++B3+)e0
- Outcome
- plant growth and productivitye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- higher salinity (12 dS m−1)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined application (K++B3+) showed maximum plant growth and productivity even at higher salinity (12 dS m−1).”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend foliar mineral enrichment for yield under saline irrigation on less productive soils.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- obtain a considerable crop yield from less productive soils using saline water irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This approach can be adopted to obtain a considerable crop yield from less productive soils using saline water irrigation”
e1“salt stressed Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. CIM 496)”
The same questions in other papers
application · physiology: ion balance · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.