Abstract
Fucoidans from Moroccan brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata and Fucus spiralis were tested for their elicitor activity after their purification and complete characterization. The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified then characterized by infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. The results show that BBF and FSF are mainly sulfated with 45.49 and 49.53% (w/w) sulfate, respectively. Analysis of neutral sugars determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that FSF and BBF were mainly composed of 64% and 91% fucose and 20% and 6% galactose, respectively, with a few other sugars such as glucose (8% in FSF), rhamnose (1% in BBF) and mannose (8% in FSF and, 2% in BBF). The eliciting activity of these sulfated polysaccharides in stimulating the natural defenses of the date palm was evaluated through the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and the increase in phenols and lignin content in the roots. The results obtained clearly show that the two fucoidans early and intensely stimulate the natural defenses of the date palm after 24 h of treatments. This remarkable elicitor effect seems to be linked to the sulfated groups compared to non-sulfate alginates extracted from the same algae. These results open promising perspectives for a biological control approach against date palm diseases.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidans of B. bifurcata and F. spiralis were mainly sulfated, with 45.49 and 49.53% (w/w) sulfate respectively.
- Taxon
- Bifurcaria bifurcata and Fucus spiralis
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Bifurcaria bifurcata
Fucus spiralise2 - Outcome
- mainly sulfatede1
- Value
- 45.49 and 49.53% (w/w)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Parque_natural_de_la_Arr%C3%A1bida%2C_Portugal%2C_2022-07-20%2C_DD_64.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“The results show that BBF and FSF are mainly sulfated with 45.49 and 49.53% (w/w) sulfate, respectively”
e2“Fucoidans from Moroccan brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata and Fucus spiralis were tested for their elicitor activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of F. spiralis (FSF) was mainly composed of 64% fucose by neutral-sugar GC-MS analysis.
- Taxon
- F. spiralisFucus spiralise1
- Material
- FSFe2
- Outcome
- fucosee2
- Value
- 64%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“Analysis of neutral sugars determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that FSF and BBF were mainly composed of 64% and 91% fucose and 20% and 6% galactose, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of B. bifurcata (BBF) was mainly composed of 91% fucose by neutral-sugar GC-MS analysis.
- Taxon
- B. bifurcataBifurcaria bifurcatae1
- Material
- BBFe2
- Outcome
- fucosee2
- Value
- 91%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“Analysis of neutral sugars determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that FSF and BBF were mainly composed of 64% and 91% fucose and 20% and 6% galactose, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of F. spiralis (FSF) contained 20% galactose.
- Taxon
- F. spiralisFucus spiralise1
- Material
- FSFe2
- Outcome
- galactosee2
- Value
- 20%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“Analysis of neutral sugars determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that FSF and BBF were mainly composed of 64% and 91% fucose and 20% and 6% galactose, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of B. bifurcata (BBF) contained 6% galactose.
- Taxon
- B. bifurcataBifurcaria bifurcatae1
- Material
- BBFe2
- Outcome
- galactosee2
- Value
- 6%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“Analysis of neutral sugars determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that FSF and BBF were mainly composed of 64% and 91% fucose and 20% and 6% galactose, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of F. spiralis (FSF) contained 8% glucose.
- Taxon
- F. spiralisFucus spiralise1
- Material
- FSFe2
- Outcome
- glucosee2
- Value
- 8%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“glucose (8% in FSF), rhamnose (1% in BBF) and mannose (8% in FSF and, 2% in BBF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of B. bifurcata (BBF) contained 1% rhamnose.
- Taxon
- B. bifurcataBifurcaria bifurcatae1
- Material
- BBFe2
- Outcome
- rhamnosee2
- Value
- 1%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“glucose (8% in FSF), rhamnose (1% in BBF) and mannose (8% in FSF and, 2% in BBF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of F. spiralis (FSF) contained 8% mannose.
- Taxon
- F. spiralisFucus spiralise1
- Material
- FSFe2
- Outcome
- mannosee2
- Value
- 8%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“glucose (8% in FSF), rhamnose (1% in BBF) and mannose (8% in FSF and, 2% in BBF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fucoidan of B. bifurcata (BBF) contained 2% mannose.
- Taxon
- B. bifurcataBifurcaria bifurcatae1
- Material
- BBFe2
- Outcome
- mannosee2
- Value
- 2%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified”
e2“glucose (8% in FSF), rhamnose (1% in BBF) and mannose (8% in FSF and, 2% in BBF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both fucoidans early and intensely stimulated natural defenses of date palm after 24 h of treatment.
- Taxon
- date palm
Phoenix dactyliferae1 - Organ / stage
- Rootse2
- Treatment
- fucoidanse1
- Outcome
- natural defensese1
- Direction
- stimulatee1
- Qualifier
- 24 h of treatmentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results obtained clearly show that the two fucoidans early and intensely stimulate the natural defenses of the date palm after 24 h of treatments”
e2“Date Palm Roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfated polysaccharide elicitors increased phenols and lignin content in date palm roots.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferae1
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Treatment
- sulfated polysaccharidese1
- Outcome
- phenols and lignin contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The eliciting activity of these sulfated polysaccharides in stimulating the natural defenses of the date palm was evaluated through the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and the increase in phenols and lignin content in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The elicitor effect seems to be linked to the sulfated groups, compared with non-sulfated alginates.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferae2
- Compound
- sulfated groupse1
- Outcome
- elicitor effecte1
- Comparator
- non-sulfate alginatese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This remarkable elicitor effect seems to be linked to the sulfated groups compared to non-sulfate alginates extracted from the same algae”
e2“The results obtained clearly show that the two fucoidans early and intensely stimulate the natural defenses of the date palm after 24 h of treatments”