Abstract
Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas) via foliar spray. Here, we studied the residue dynamics of STR and its effect on CLas titers in planta applied by foliar spray and trunk injection of 3-year-old citrus trees that were naturally infected by CLas in the field. After foliar spray, STR levels in leaves peaked at 2 to 7 days postapplication (dpa) and gradually declined thereafter. The STR spray did not significantly affect CLas titers in leaves of treated plants as determined by quantitative PCR. After trunk injection, peak levels of STR were observed 7 to 14 dpa in the leaf and root tissues, and near-peak levels were sustained for another 14 days before significantly declining. At 12 months after injection, moderate to low or undetectable levels of STR were observed in the leaf, root, and fruit, depending on the doses of STR injected, with a residue level of 0.28 µg/g in harvested fruit at the highest injection concentration of 2.0 µg/tree. CLas titers in leaves were significantly reduced by trunk injection of STR at 1.0 or 2.0 g/tree, starting from 7 dpa and throughout the experimental period. The reduction of CLas titers was positively correlated with STR residue levels in leaves. The in planta minimum effective concentration of STR needed to suppress the CLas titer to an undetectable level (cycle threshold ≥36.0) was 1.92 µg/g fresh weight. Determination of the in planta minimum effective concentration of STR against CLas and its spatiotemporal residue levels in planta provides the guidance to use STR for HLB management.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray residues in citrus leaves peaked 2 to 7 days after application and then declined.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- STR levels in leavese0
- Direction
- peakede0
- Value
- 2 to 7 dayse0
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After foliar spray, STR levels in leaves peaked at 2 to 7 days postapplication (dpa) and gradually declined thereafter.”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar streptomycin spray did not significantly change CLas titers in citrus leaves.
- Treatment
- STR spraye0
- Interactor
- CLase0pathogen
- Outcome
- CLas titers in leavese0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
- Setting
- fielde1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The STR spray did not significantly affect CLas titers in leaves of treated plants as determined by quantitative PCR.”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees that were naturally infected by CLas in the field.”
Claim · model-written summary
Trunk-injected streptomycin peaked in citrus leaf and root tissues 7 to 14 days after application, stayed near peak for another 14 days, then declined significantly.
- Organ / stage
- leaf and root tissuese0
- Treatment
- trunk injectione0
- Outcome
- levels of STRe0
- Direction
- peake0
- Value
- 7 to 14 dpae0
- Qualifier
- near-peak levels were sustained for another 14 days before significantly declininge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After trunk injection, peak levels of STR were observed 7 to 14 dpa in the leaf and root tissues, and near-peak levels were sustained for another 14 days before significantly declining.”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
Claim · model-written summary
At 12 months after injection, streptomycin residues in citrus leaf, root and fruit ranged from moderate to undetectable depending on dose.
- Organ / stage
- leaf, root, and fruite0
- Treatment
- injectione0
- Outcome
- levels of STRe0
- Qualifier
- depending on the doses of STR injectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 12 months after injection, moderate to low or undetectable levels of STR were observed in the leaf, root, and fruit, depending on the doses of STR injected”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvested citrus fruit had a 0.28 µg/g streptomycin residue at the stated highest injection concentration.
- Organ / stage
- harvested fruite0
- Treatment
- injection concentration of 2.0 µg/treee0
- Outcome
- residue levele0
- Value
- 0.28 µg/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a residue level of 0.28 µg/g in harvested fruit at the highest injection concentration of 2.0 µg/tree”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Trunk injection of 1.0 or 2.0 g/tree streptomycin significantly reduced CLas titers in citrus leaves from 7 days onward.
- Treatment
- trunk injection of STR at 1.0 or 2.0 g/treee0
- Interactor
- CLase0pathogen
- Outcome
- CLas titers in leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- starting from 7 dpa and throughout the experimental periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CLas titers in leaves were significantly reduced by trunk injection of STR at 1.0 or 2.0 g/tree, starting from 7 dpa and throughout the experimental period.”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower CLas titers were associated with higher streptomycin residue levels in citrus leaves.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- CLase0pathogen
- Compound
- STRe0
- Outcome
- reduction of CLas titerse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction of CLas titers was positively correlated with STR residue levels in leaves.”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The in-planta minimum effective streptomycin concentration to suppress CLas titer below detection was 1.92 µg/g fresh weight.
- Treatment
- STRe0
- Interactor
- CLase0pathogen
- Outcome
- minimum effective concentration of STR needed to suppress the CLas titer to an undetectable levele0
- Value
- 1.92 µg/g fresh weighte0
- Qualifier
- cycle threshold ≥36.0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The in planta minimum effective concentration of STR needed to suppress the CLas titer to an undetectable level (cycle threshold ≥36.0) was 1.92 µg/g fresh weight.”
e1“3-year-old citrus trees”
The same questions in other papers
application · molecular: metabolites · CitrusPositive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.