Abstract
This work presents the results of the study of changes of the potential contamination of soybean agrophytocenosis in grain-row crop rotation by using different systems of farming and typical black soil tillage. It was established that in the upper 0–5 cm layer of soil there are on average 393–671 million pieces of weed seeds. which is 33.6–43.0% of the total number in the layer of soil 0–20 cm. It was established that the use of periodical moldboard and superficial basic soil tillage had no impact on reducing the potential contamination of typical black soil compared to the variant of differentiated tillage. During subsurface plowing the total number of seeds in the soil layer 0–20 cm increased by 13.5–25.8% compared to differentiated tillage. In the variants of ecological and biological farming systems the number of weed seeds in the layer 0–5 cm was 11.3–19.6% higher compared to the intensive farming system. Based on monitoring of the species composition of the weed seeds bank it was established that in the arable layer of the soil the largest share are annual dicotyledonous – 48–62%. annual monocotyledonous – 30.2–44.6%. perennial – 0.9–3.3% of the total number. It was proved that under the intensive system of farming the yield of soybean variety Silesia increased on average from 10.2 to 147% compared to the ecological and biological system of farming. During the biological system of farming soybean yield did not exceed 1.0–1.8 t/ha. Therefore. the industrial and ecological system of farming had the greatest impact on reducing the potential weediness of the soybean agrocenosis during the growing season. During the biological system of farming crop yields decrease due to the accumulation of weed seeds in the topsoil and formation of high actual weediness of the soybean agrocenosis.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The top 0–5 cm held 393–671 million weed seeds, 33.6–43.0% of the 0–20 cm total.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- weed seedse0
- Value
- 393–671 million piecese0
- Qualifier
- 33.6–43.0%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the upper 0–5 cm layer of soil there are on average 393–671 million pieces of weed seeds. which is 33.6–43.0% of the total number in the layer of soil 0–20 cm.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Periodical moldboard and superficial tillage did not reduce potential soil weed contamination versus differentiated tillage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- periodical moldboard and superficial basic soil tillagee0
- Outcome
- potential contamination of typical black soile0
- Direction
- no impact on reducinge0
- Comparator
- differentiated tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of periodical moldboard and superficial basic soil tillage had no impact on reducing the potential contamination of typical black soil compared to the variant of differentiated tillage.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsurface plowing increased weed seed count by 13.5–25.8% versus differentiated tillage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- subsurface plowinge0
- Outcome
- total number of seeds in the soil layer 0–20 cme0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13.5–25.8%e0
- Comparator
- differentiated tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During subsurface plowing the total number of seeds in the soil layer 0–20 cm increased by 13.5–25.8% compared to differentiated tillage.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Ecological and biological systems had 11.3–19.6% more topsoil weed seeds than intensive farming.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- ecological and biological farming systemse0
- Outcome
- number of weed seeds in the layer 0–5 cme0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 11.3–19.6%e0
- Comparator
- intensive farming systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the variants of ecological and biological farming systems the number of weed seeds in the layer 0–5 cm was 11.3–19.6% higher compared to the intensive farming system.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual dicotyledonous weed seeds formed 48–62% of the arable seed bank.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- annual dicotyledonouse0
- Value
- 48–62%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the largest share are annual dicotyledonous – 48–62%”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual monocotyledonous weed seeds formed 30.2–44.6% of the arable seed bank.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- annual monocotyledonouse0
- Value
- 30.2–44.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“annual monocotyledonous – 30.2–44.6%”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Perennial weed seeds formed 0.9–3.3% of the arable seed bank.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- perenniale0
- Value
- 0.9–3.3%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“perennial – 0.9–3.3% of the total number”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Intensive farming increased Silesia soybean yield 10.2 to 147% versus ecological and biological systems.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Silesiae0
- Treatment
- intensive system of farminge0
- Outcome
- yield of soybeane0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.2 to 147%e0
- Comparator
- ecological and biological system of farminge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the intensive system of farming the yield of soybean variety Silesia increased on average from 10.2 to 147% compared to the ecological and biological system of farming.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield under biological farming did not exceed 1.0–1.8 t/ha.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- biological system of farminge0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- did not exceede0
- Value
- 1.0–1.8 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the biological system of farming soybean yield did not exceed 1.0–1.8 t/ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Industrial and ecological farming most reduced potential weediness during soybean growth.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- industrial and ecological system of farminge0
- Outcome
- potential weediness of the soybean agrocenosise0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the industrial and ecological system of farming had the greatest impact on reducing the potential weediness of the soybean agrocenosis during the growing season.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute lower biological-system yields to topsoil weed seeds and actual weediness.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- biological system of farminge0
- Outcome
- crop yields decreasee0
- Qualifier
- accumulation of weed seeds in the topsoil and formation of high actual weedinesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the biological system of farming crop yields decrease due to the accumulation of weed seeds in the topsoil and formation of high actual weediness of the soybean agrocenosis.”
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See all 390 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.