Abstract
On-farm trials were conducted for the evaluation of IPM modules in cotton against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) by the Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda and Mansa at five locations during 201718 and 2018-19. The modules included neem-based insecticides along with detergent powder, darek (Melia azedarach L.) extract and the University recommended insecticides compared with that of farmers’ practice of mixing of non-recommended insecticides. The data revealed significantly maximum reduction (80.0- 85.1% and 80.9- 85.4%) in the incidence of adults compared to the University recommended practice (Mj) at Bathinda and Mansa, respectively. This was followed by module (Mj) comprising use of home-made darek extract (54.4 to 63.3% at Bathinda and 58.0 to 72.5% at Mansa). Module (M3) comprising of addition of detergent powder in neem-based spray solution remained on a par with M with 55.8 to 62.7 and 57.4 to 71.9% reduction in incidence over untreated check. Farmers’ practice of spraying non-recommended insecticides resulted in minimum reduction in incidence (16.7 to 23.1% and 23.6 to 36.3%, at Bathinda and Mansa, respectively). The trend in yield was similar to the above, with maximum being in M4 followed by Mj and M3 with the least yield being with the module comprising of use of non-recommended sprays by the farmers. Maximum number of spray applications (5-6) were given in M4 (farmer’s practice). Maximum and minimum B: C ratio was obtained with the modules M4 (1.3 to 1.5) and M4 (0.8 to 1.2), respectively.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended module reduced whitefly adult incidence by 80.0-85.1% at Bathinda.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- University recommended practice (Mj)e0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaci
Bemisia tabacit0pest - Outcome
- incidence of adultse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 80.0- 85.1%e0
- Setting
- Bathindae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly maximum reduction (80.0- 85.1% and 80.9- 85.4%) in the incidence of adults compared to the University recommended practice (Mj) at Bathinda and Mansa, respectively.”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended module reduced whitefly adult incidence by 80.9-85.4% at Mansa.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- University recommended practice (Mj)e0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidence of adultse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 80.9- 85.4%e0
- Setting
- Mansae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly maximum reduction (80.0- 85.1% and 80.9- 85.4%) in the incidence of adults compared to the University recommended practice (Mj) at Bathinda and Mansa, respectively.”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Darek extract module reduced whitefly incidence 54.4 to 63.3% at Bathinda.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- home-made darek extracte0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidencee1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 54.4 to 63.3%e0
- Setting
- Bathindae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“module (Mj) comprising use of home-made darek extract (54.4 to 63.3% at Bathinda and 58.0 to 72.5% at Mansa).”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
e1“reduction in incidence over untreated check”
Claim · model-written summary
Darek extract module reduced whitefly incidence 58.0 to 72.5% at Mansa.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- home-made darek extracte0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidencee1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 58.0 to 72.5%e0
- Setting
- Mansae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“module (Mj) comprising use of home-made darek extract (54.4 to 63.3% at Bathinda and 58.0 to 72.5% at Mansa).”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
e1“reduction in incidence over untreated check”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem spray with detergent reduced incidence 55.8 to 62.7 at Bathinda.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- addition of detergent powder in neem-based spray solutione0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 55.8 to 62.7e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of detergent powder in neem-based spray solution remained on a par with M with 55.8 to 62.7 and 57.4 to 71.9% reduction in incidence over untreated check.”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem spray with detergent reduced incidence 57.4 to 71.9%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- addition of detergent powder in neem-based spray solutione0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 57.4 to 71.9%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of detergent powder in neem-based spray solution remained on a par with M with 55.8 to 62.7 and 57.4 to 71.9% reduction in incidence over untreated check.”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers’ non-recommended sprays gave the lowest incidence reduction, 16.7 to 23.1% at Bathinda.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- spraying non-recommended insecticidese0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Direction
- minimum reductione0
- Value
- 16.7 to 23.1%e0
- Setting
- Bathindae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Farmers’ practice of spraying non-recommended insecticides resulted in minimum reduction in incidence (16.7 to 23.1% and 23.6 to 36.3%, at Bathinda and Mansa, respectively).”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers’ non-recommended sprays gave the lowest incidence reduction, 23.6 to 36.3% at Mansa.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- spraying non-recommended insecticidese0
- Interactor
- bemisia tabaciBemisia tabacit0pest
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Direction
- minimum reductione0
- Value
- 23.6 to 36.3%e0
- Setting
- Mansae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Farmers’ practice of spraying non-recommended insecticides resulted in minimum reduction in incidence (16.7 to 23.1% and 23.6 to 36.3%, at Bathinda and Mansa, respectively).”
t0“bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton yield ranked M4 highest, followed by Mj and M3, and farmers’ non-recommended sprays lowest.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The trend in yield was similar to the above, with maximum being in M4 followed by Mj and M3 with the least yield being with the module comprising of use of non-recommended sprays by the farmers.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
M4 farmer practice used the most sprays, 5-6.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- number of spray applicationse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 5-6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum number of spray applications (5-6) were given in M4 (farmer’s practice).”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The text reports maximum B:C ratio of 1.3 to 1.5 for M4.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 1.3 to 1.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum B: C ratio was obtained with the modules M4 (1.3 to 1.5) and M4 (0.8 to 1.2), respectively.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The text also reports minimum B:C ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 for M4.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 0.8 to 1.2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum B: C ratio was obtained with the modules M4 (1.3 to 1.5) and M4 (0.8 to 1.2), respectively.”
t0“cotton”
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