Paper · 2020 · The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests—Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity

What Can Native Trees Provide in Revegetating Tropical Degraded Land? An Experience of Man-Made Dipterocarp Forest in Indonesia

Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat; Kirsfianti Linda Ginoga; Yunita Lisnawati; et al.

11
claims
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verbatim quotes
1
citations
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research areas
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The benefits of revegetation provided by the successful growth of planted vegetations. This paper described a successful initiative on the revegetation of tropical degraded land using native trees. More than 250 hectares of intact landscape in Gunung Dahu, West Java—Indonesia have been successfully revegetated using 32 Dipterocarp species. The success of this 20-years-old revegetated landscape was revealed by timber volume, natural regeneration, soil characteristics, ectomycorrhiza occurrence, and ecotourism potential. The results showed that the average diameter and height were varied from 12–43 cm and 10–23 m; diameter mean annual increment were at 0.6–2.1 cm year−1; standing stock per hectares were at 10–220.84 m3 ha−1. The variations might be caused by different planted species, spacing distance, and planting technique. The natural regeneration success was observed by the offspring’s occurrence from six Shorea species and supported by mycorrhiza fruiting bodies predominantly by the genus Rusula. Planted trees also improved the availability of organic materials to the soils, as described by the good total soil porosity (51.06–52.32%) and infiltration rate (120–15,533 mm hour−1) at the site. The landscape also provided springs with continuous water supply and allowed tourists to experience the serenity of the tropical forest. Hence, revegetation using a native tree is prospective and proven to deliver a wider benefit in the ecological, economic, and social aspect.

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Claims 11

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

More than 250 hectares were revegetated with 32 Dipterocarp species.

Taxon
Dipterocarpe0
Outcome
successfully revegetatede0
Value
250 hectarese0
Setting
Gunung Dahu, West Java—Indonesiae0

Verbatim

e0

“More than 250 hectares of intact landscape in Gunung Dahu, West Java—Indonesia have been successfully revegetated using 32 Dipterocarp species.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 198–341 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tree diameter ranged from 12–43 cm.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
average diametere0
Value
12–43 cme0

Verbatim

e0

“average diameter and height were varied from 12–43 cm and 10–23 m”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 553–618 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tree height ranged from 10–23 m.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
heighte0
Value
10–23 me0

Verbatim

e0

“average diameter and height were varied from 12–43 cm and 10–23 m”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 553–618 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Diameter annual increment ranged from 0.6–2.1 cm year−1.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
diameter mean annual incremente0
Value
0.6–2.1 cm year−1e0

Verbatim

e0

“diameter mean annual increment were at 0.6–2.1 cm year−1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 620–676 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Standing stock ranged from 10–220.84 m3 ha−1.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
standing stock per hectarese0
Value
10–220.84 m3 ha−1e0

Verbatim

e0

“standing stock per hectares were at 10–220.84 m3 ha−1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 678–731 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Offspring of six Shorea species showed natural regeneration.

Taxon
ShoreaShoreae0
Outcome
offspring’s occurrencee0
Value
six Shorea speciese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Shorea
Shorea · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ahoerstemeier · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“offspring’s occurrence from six Shorea species”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 889–935 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhizal fruiting bodies were predominantly Rusula.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Interactor
Rusulae0symbiont
Outcome
mycorrhiza fruiting bodiese0

Verbatim

e0

“mycorrhiza fruiting bodies predominantly by the genus Rusula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 953–1013 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Planted trees improved soil organic material availability.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Treatment
Planted treese0
Outcome
availability of organic materials to the soilse0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Planted trees also improved the availability of organic materials to the soils”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1015–1093 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil porosity at the site was 51.06–52.32%.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
total soil porositye0
Value
51.06–52.32%e0

Verbatim

e0

“total soil porosity (51.06–52.32%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1120–1154 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Infiltration rate at the site was 120–15,533 mm hour−1.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
infiltration ratee0
Value
120–15,533 mm hour−1e0

Verbatim

e0

“infiltration rate (120–15,533 mm hour−1)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1159–1199 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The revegetated landscape provided springs with continuous water supply.

Taxon
Native Treest0
Outcome
springs with continuous water supplye0

Verbatim

e0

“The landscape also provided springs with continuous water supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1213–1277 · show in text ↑
t0

“Native Trees”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 9–21 · show in text ↑