Abstract
Bushmint (Hyptis suaveolens Poit) is a weed with pesticidal properties that have been explored in managing pests of agricultural and medicinal importance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repellence ability of Hyptis suaveolens to prevent infestation of stored maize grain seed. The study involved evaluation of the olfactory responses of adult weevil to maize (Zea mays L.) grains treated with 5, 10, 15 and 20% concentrations of leaf powder (LP) and methanol extract (ME) of Hyptis suaveolens in the laboratory, with a static air four-chamber olfactometer. Also, the insecticidal effects of the substances on adult mortality and oviposition on maize grains treated with LP and ME were determined in a completely randomised design, with four replicates. The number of weevils in ME chambers decreased with increase in concentration of extracts; while the LP chambers had consistently fewer weevils with numbers, ranging from 2.5 to 3.75. Adult mortality in maize treated with LP was the least and varied between 0.00 (15% concentration) and 2.54% (20% concentration). Maize grains with ME caused significant mortalities that ranged from 65.50% at 15% concentration to 94.92% at 10% concentration. More eggs (3.5 to 5.75) were laid on maize with LP compared with ME treated maize. Generally, ME was richer in phytochemicals than LP. Hyptis suaveolens repellence manifested more in the form of LP than as ME; though ME caused more adult mortality and reduced oviposition than LP.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Weevil numbers in extract chambers declined as extract concentration increased.
- Treatment
- MEe0
- Interactor
- weevilsCurculionidaee0pest
- Outcome
- number of weevilse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of weevils in ME chambers decreased with increase in concentration of extracts”
t0“stored maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf powder chambers had consistently fewer weevils, ranging from 2.5 to 3.75.
- Interactor
- weevilsCurculionidaee0pest
- Outcome
- weevilse0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Value
- 2.5 to 3.75e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LP chambers had consistently fewer weevils with numbers, ranging from 2.5 to 3.75”
t0“stored maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf powder gave the least adult mortality, 0.00 to 2.54%.
- Treatment
- LPe0
- Outcome
- Adult mortalitye0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Value
- 0.00 (15% concentration) and 2.54% (20% concentration)e0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adult mortality in maize treated with LP was the least and varied between 0.00 (15% concentration) and 2.54% (20% concentration)”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract caused significant adult mortality ranging from 65.50% to 94.92%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize grains with ME caused significant mortalities that ranged from 65.50% at 15% concentration to 94.92% at 10% concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
More eggs were laid on leaf-powder maize than on extract-treated maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More eggs (3.5 to 5.75) were laid on maize with LP compared with ME treated maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract contained more phytochemicals than leaf powder.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Generally, ME was richer in phytochemicals than LP”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf powder repelled weevils more than methanol extract.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hyptis suaveolens repellence manifested more in the form of LP than as ME”
t0“stored maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract caused more adult mortality and lower oviposition than leaf powder.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ME caused more adult mortality and reduced oviposition than LP”
t0“stored maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract reduced oviposition relative to leaf powder.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ME caused more adult mortality and reduced oviposition than LP”
t0“stored maize”
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