Abstract
For Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) somatic embryogenesis (SE) culture conditions throughout the propagation process affect the final result. Many critical phases can be identified, and all of them cumulatively increase the production costs of SE plants if they cannot be controlled. In order to determine the best lighting protocol for each SE step, Norway spruce embryogenic tissue (ET) was proliferated, and somatic embryos were matured under different light wavelengths, wavelength combinations, and in the dark. Overall, using low-intensity LED lights during proliferation or at the end of maturation had little effect on the growth of ET, embryo productivity, or embryo survival; on the other hand, major negative effects could not be seen. This is beneficial from a practical point of view, indicating no need for lighting or protection of SE cultures from light during their handling in these steps of the propagation process. When somatic embryos were germinated under different spectra, significant differences in embling shoot and root growth, as well as in the survival of the emblings, were found. The best treatment varied between trials, and the genotype of the SE culture was found to have a stronger effect than the light spectrum, indicating that various light spectra and also intensity adjusted using pulse width modulation (PWM) can be successfully applied to the SE germination phase in Norway spruce.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Low-intensity LED light during proliferation or late maturation had little effect on embryogenic tissue growth.
- Taxon
- Norway spruce
Picea abiest0 - Treatment
- low-intensity LED lightse0
- Outcome
- growth of ETe0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using low-intensity LED lights during proliferation or at the end of maturation had little effect on the growth of ET, embryo productivity, or embryo survival”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-intensity LED light during proliferation or late maturation had little effect on embryo productivity.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Treatment
- low-intensity LED lightse0
- Outcome
- embryo productivitye0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using low-intensity LED lights during proliferation or at the end of maturation had little effect on the growth of ET, embryo productivity, or embryo survival”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-intensity LED light during proliferation or late maturation had little effect on embryo survival.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Treatment
- low-intensity LED lightse0
- Outcome
- embryo survivale0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using low-intensity LED lights during proliferation or at the end of maturation had little effect on the growth of ET, embryo productivity, or embryo survival”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Different germination spectra produced significant differences in embling shoot growth.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Treatment
- different spectrae0
- Outcome
- embling shoote0
- Direction
- differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When somatic embryos were germinated under different spectra, significant differences in embling shoot and root growth, as well as in the survival of the emblings, were found.”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Different germination spectra produced significant differences in embling root growth.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Treatment
- different spectrae0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When somatic embryos were germinated under different spectra, significant differences in embling shoot and root growth, as well as in the survival of the emblings, were found.”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Different germination spectra produced significant differences in embling survival.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Treatment
- different spectrae0
- Outcome
- survival of the emblingse0
- Direction
- differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When somatic embryos were germinated under different spectra, significant differences in embling shoot and root growth, as well as in the survival of the emblings, were found.”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
The best light spectrum varied between trials.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Outcome
- best treatment varied between trialse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best treatment varied between trials”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
SE culture genotype had a stronger effect than light spectrum.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Material
- genotype of the SE culturee0
- Outcome
- stronger effecte0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- light spectrume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the genotype of the SE culture was found to have a stronger effect than the light spectrum”
t0“Norway Spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that various spectra and PWM-adjusted intensity can be used in spruce SE germination.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiese0
- Outcome
- various light spectra and also intensity adjusted using pulse width modulation (PWM) can be successfully applied to the SE germination phasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“various light spectra and also intensity adjusted using pulse width modulation (PWM) can be successfully applied to the SE germination phase in Norway spruce.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors find no need for lighting or light protection during handling of proliferation and maturation cultures.
- Taxon
- Norway sprucePicea abiest0
- Outcome
- no need for lighting or protection of SE cultures from light during their handlinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no need for lighting or protection of SE cultures from light during their handling in these steps of the propagation process.”
t0“Norway Spruce”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Picea abies (Norway spruce)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.