Abstract
To evaluate the forage yield and quality of Berseem and Persian clover cultivars, a two-year experiment was conducted during two growing seasons (2017–2018 and 2018–2019). Irrigation was the main factor, including full irrigation (I100), moderately limited (I75), and severely limited irrigation (I50). The sub-factor consisted of ten cultivars of clover, five of which were Persian clover (Pars, Aleshtar, Eghlid, Harat, and Zabol) and five cultivars of Berseem clover (Karaj, Elite, Ekinaton, Vienna, and Alex). The results showed that the highest dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yield under all irrigation levels were obtained from the Berseem clover cultivars. Imposing limited irrigation reduced the DM yield, digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and content, CP yield, dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV) of forage, whereas the content of CP, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) for DM, DDM, and CP yield under limited irrigation were also increased. Comparison of two groups of Persian and Berseem clover cultivars also showed that with increasing drought stress intensity, in Berseem cultivars, DM yield, DDM yield and content, and RFV decrease was higher. Increasing IWUE under limited irrigation was higher in Persian cultivars for DM and DDM yield. Overall, Berseem clover had higher forage yield and water use efficiency in all irrigation regimes, and the forage quality of this species showed more sensitivity to drought.Abbreviations :I100, I75, and I50, full, moderately limited, and severely limited irrigation (equivalent to 100, 75, and 50% weekly evaporation and crop water requirement, respectively); DM, dry matter; CP, crude protein; ADF, acid detergent fiber; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; DDM: digestible dry matter; WSC, water-soluble carbohydrates; DMI, dry matter intake; RFV, relative feed value; IWUE, irrigation water use efficiency.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Berseem cultivars had the highest dry matter yield at every irrigation level.
Verbatim
e0“the highest dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yield under all irrigation levels were obtained from the Berseem clover cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Berseem cultivars had the highest crude protein yield at every irrigation level.
Verbatim
e0“the highest dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yield under all irrigation levels were obtained from the Berseem clover cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation reduced forage dry matter yield.
- Taxon
- Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)
Trifolium resupinatumt0 - Treatment
- limited irrigatione0
- Outcome
- DM yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imposing limited irrigation reduced the DM yield, digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and content, CP yield, dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV) of forage”
t0“Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation reduced digestible dry matter yield and content.
- Taxon
- Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)Trifolium resupinatumt0
- Treatment
- limited irrigatione0
- Outcome
- digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imposing limited irrigation reduced the DM yield, digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and content, CP yield, dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV) of forage”
t0“Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation reduced crude protein yield, dry matter intake and relative feed value.
- Taxon
- Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)Trifolium resupinatumt0
- Treatment
- limited irrigatione0
- Outcome
- CP yield, dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imposing limited irrigation reduced the DM yield, digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and content, CP yield, dry matter intake (DMI), and relative feed value (RFV) of forage”
t0“Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation increased crude protein and water-soluble carbohydrate content.
- Taxon
- Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)Trifolium resupinatumt0
- Outcome
- content of CP, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the content of CP, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased”
t0“Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation increased neutral and acid detergent fiber content.
- Taxon
- Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)Trifolium resupinatumt0
- Outcome
- neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the content of CP, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased”
t0“Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation increased irrigation water use efficiency for dry matter, digestible dry matter and crude protein yield.
- Taxon
- Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)Trifolium resupinatumt0
- Treatment
- limited irrigatione0
- Outcome
- Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) for DM, DDM, and CP yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) for DM, DDM, and CP yield under limited irrigation were also increased.”
t0“Persian Clover (Trifolium Resupinatum) Compared to Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
Claim · model-written summary
As drought intensified, Berseem dry matter and digestible dry matter yields and content declined more than Persian clover.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing drought stress intensity, in Berseem cultivars, DM yield, DDM yield and content, and RFV decrease was higher”
Claim · model-written summary
As drought intensified, Berseem relative feed value declined more than Persian clover.
Verbatim
e0“with increasing drought stress intensity, in Berseem cultivars, DM yield, DDM yield and content, and RFV decrease was higher”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited irrigation increased water use efficiency for dry matter and digestible dry matter yield more in Persian clover.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing IWUE under limited irrigation was higher in Persian cultivars for DM and DDM yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Berseem clover had greater overall forage yield and water use efficiency at all irrigation regimes.
Verbatim
e0“Berseem clover had higher forage yield and water use efficiency in all irrigation regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Berseem forage quality was more sensitive to drought.
Verbatim
e0“forage quality of this species showed more sensitivity to drought”
t0“Berseem Clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum)”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · growth · Trifolium resupinatumPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.