Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted at a special farm, in El Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during the two growing summer seasons of 2018 and 2019 to find out the influence of soil drench by potassium Humate (KH) and yeast extract (YE) as foliar application alone or combined (KH+YE) under different rates of N and P fertilization on plant growth, yield, quality and protection against some pests of soybean plants (Glycine max L.), c.v. Giza 111. The treatments of NP fertilization rates were arranged in the main plots and the HK and YE were arranged in sub-plots in a split-plot design with three replicates. Results indicated that the application of soil drench KH and YE spraying and (KH+YE) had a positive effect on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, seed yield and yield components of the soybean plants. The duel application (KH+EY) showed a significant augmentation in all studied parameters compared to the control under 50, 75 .and 100% of the recommended mineral fertilization does (RFD. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn. represented the most pest attacking soybeans with a ratio around 56 % followed by Aphis cracivora Kock (30%), While Tetranychus urticae Koch ranged (8-10%). respectively .But mealybug Phenococcus solani Ferrisia in % occurrences a ratio around (3-6%) during 2018 and 2019 seasons. In treatment were spray (combined of KH+YE ) decreased population of B. tabaci Genn. (9.75 nymphs /10 leaves). Therefore, this investigation revealed that the synergistic effect of HK (5 ml l-1) and YE (4 g l-1 ) in combination treatment with 75% NP is important for improving plant quality and this decreased insect infestation and the environmental pollution caused by repeated application of agricultural chemicals as mineral fertilizers and pesticides.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium humate and yeast extract applications improved soybean growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, seed yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- soil drench KH and YE spraying and (KH+YE)e0
- Outcome
- growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, seed yield and yield componentse0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicated that the application of soil drench KH and YE spraying and (KH+YE) had a positive effect on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, seed yield and yield components of the soybean plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined KH and YE significantly increased all studied parameters versus control at 50, 75 and 100% recommended mineral fertilizer.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- (KH+EY)e0
- Outcome
- all studied parameterse0
- Direction
- augmentatione0
- Qualifier
- 50, 75 .and 100% of the recommended mineral fertilization doese0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The duel application (KH+EY) showed a significant augmentation in all studied parameters compared to the control under 50, 75 .and 100% of the recommended mineral fertilization does (RFD.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Bemisia tabaci was the most frequent soybean pest at around 56%.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- Bemisia tabaci Genn.
Bemisia tabacie0pest - Outcome
- ratio around 56 %e0
- Value
- 56 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn. represented the most pest attacking soybeans with a ratio around 56 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphis cracivora accounted for 30% of soybean pests.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Aphis cracivora Kocke0pest
- Outcome
- Aphis cracivora Kock (30%)e0
- Value
- 30%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by Aphis cracivora Kock (30%)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetranychus urticae accounted for 8–10% of soybean pests.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Tetranychus urticae Koch
.jpg?width=60)
Tetranychus urticaee0pest - Outcome
- Tetranychus urticae Koch ranged (8-10%)e0
- Value
- 8-10%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“While Tetranychus urticae Koch ranged (8-10%).”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenococcus solani occurred at around 3–6% during 2018 and 2019.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Phenococcus solani Ferrisiae0pest
- Outcome
- occurrences a ratio around (3-6%)e0
- Value
- 3-6%e0
- Qualifier
- 2018 and 2019 seasonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mealybug Phenococcus solani Ferrisia in % occurrences a ratio around (3-6%) during 2018 and 2019 seasons”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined KH and YE spray reduced B. tabaci population to 9.75 nymphs per 10 leaves.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- combined of KH+YEe0
- Interactor
- B. tabaci Genn.Bemisia tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- population of B. tabaci Genn.e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 9.75 nymphs /10 leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spray (combined of KH+YE ) decreased population of B. tabaci Genn. (9.75 nymphs /10 leaves)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combined HK and YE with 75% NP to improve plant quality and reduce infestation and pollution.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- HK (5 ml l-1) and YE (4 g l-1 ) in combination treatment with 75% NPe0
- Outcome
- improving plant quality and this decreased insect infestation and the environmental pollutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the synergistic effect of HK (5 ml l-1) and YE (4 g l-1 ) in combination treatment with 75% NP is important for improving plant quality and this decreased insect infestation and the environmental pollution caused by repeated application of agricultural chemicals as mineral fertilizers and pesticides”
t0“Soybean”
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