Abstract
Field experiments were conducted during winter season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 with three sources of nutrient viz., inorganic, organics (FYM, VC and biofertilizers) and their integration as main treatments and five levels [S1-0 (0-0-0 kg NPK ha-1), S2-100% (120-60-40 kg NPK ha-1), S3-150% (180-90-60 kg NPK ha-1), S4-200% (240-120-80 kg NPK ha-1) and S5-Soil Test based (STV) NPK i.e. 149-176-33 kg ha-1 in split plot design with three replications. The chlorophyll content (‘a’, ‘b’ and total) in leaves and Soil Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) value were recorded at crown root initiation (CRI), tillering, jointing and milking stage of wheat. The pooled data of findings revealed that the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase in the SPAD readings (9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.76, 0.83, 1.47 and 0.63 mg g-1 leaf tissue), ‘b’ (0.44, 0.78, 0.87 and 0.57 mg g-1 leaf tissue) and total (1.19, 1.64, 2.25 and 1.14 mg g-1 leaf tissue) chlorophyll content in leaves over organic source at all the growth stages. All the levels of nutrient were significantly increased the chlorophyll content and SPAD value over control at all the stages except chlorophyll ‘a’ at jointing and milking stage. However, amongst the levels 150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK for SPAD value (8.32 and 8.71 at CRI and 12.56 and 12.19 at tillering), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.73 and 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI), chlorophyll ‘b’ (0.46 and 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI, 0.68 and 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissue at tillering and 0.53 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue at milking), respectively. The interaction results suggested that the 200% NPK with inorganic and integrated sources significantly superior to 100% NPK for chlorophyll ‘a’ content at jointing and milking stage. The application of 150% and 200% NPK with inorganic source were found significantly higher over the same level of NPK with integrated source of nutrient for total chlorophyll content and SPAD value at all the growth stages except 150% NPK for total chlorophyll at jointing and milking stage and SPAD value at milking stage. The correlation between SPAD value and chlorophyll ’a’, ‘b’, total were found significantly and positively at all growth stages. Coefficient of determination values between SPAD and chlorophyll content showed linear relationship at all the growth stages.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic sources significantly increased wheat SPAD readings over organic sources at all stages, with values 9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- inorganic sourcese0
- Outcome
- SPAD readingse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83e0
- Comparator
- organic sourcee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase in the SPAD readings (9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83)”
e1“over organic source at all the growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic sources significantly increased chlorophyll a over organic sources at all stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inorganic sourcese1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘a’e0
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 0.76, 0.83, 1.47 and 0.63 mg g-1 leaf tissuee0
- Comparator
- organic sourcee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.76, 0.83, 1.47 and 0.63 mg g-1 leaf tissue)”
e1“the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase”
e2“over organic source at all the growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic sources significantly increased chlorophyll b over organic sources at all stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inorganic sourcese1
- Outcome
- ‘b’e0
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 0.44, 0.78, 0.87 and 0.57 mg g-1 leaf tissuee0
- Comparator
- organic sourcee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘b’ (0.44, 0.78, 0.87 and 0.57 mg g-1 leaf tissue)”
e1“the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase”
e2“over organic source at all the growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic sources significantly increased total chlorophyll over organic sources at all stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inorganic sourcese1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content in leavese0
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 1.19, 1.64, 2.25 and 1.14 mg g-1 leaf tissuee0
- Qualifier
- totale0
- Comparator
- organic sourcee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total (1.19, 1.64, 2.25 and 1.14 mg g-1 leaf tissue) chlorophyll content in leaves”
e1“the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase”
e2“over organic source at all the growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
All nutrient levels significantly increased chlorophyll content and SPAD over control except chlorophyll a at jointing and milking.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All the levels of nutriente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content and SPAD valuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- at all the stages except chlorophyll ‘a’ at jointing and milking stagee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the levels of nutrient were significantly increased the chlorophyll content and SPAD value over control at all the stages except chlorophyll ‘a’ at jointing and milking stage.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
150% NPK significantly exceeded 100% NPK for SPAD at CRI and tillering, with values 8.32 and 12.56.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150%e0
- Outcome
- SPAD valuee0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 8.32e0
- Qualifier
- 12.56e0
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK for SPAD value (8.32 and 8.71 at CRI and 12.56 and 12.19 at tillering)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200% NPK significantly exceeded 100% NPK for SPAD at CRI and tillering, with values 8.71 and 12.19.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 200% NPKe0
- Outcome
- SPAD valuee0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 8.71e0
- Qualifier
- 12.19e0
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK for SPAD value (8.32 and 8.71 at CRI and 12.56 and 12.19 at tillering)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
150% NPK significantly exceeded 100% NPK for chlorophyll a at CRI, with 0.73 mg g-1 leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- CRIe1
- Treatment
- 150%e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘a’e1
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 0.73e1
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK”
e1“chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.73 and 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200% NPK significantly exceeded 100% NPK for chlorophyll a at CRI, with 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- CRIe1
- Treatment
- 200% NPKe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘a’e1
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissuee1
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK”
e1“chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.73 and 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
150% NPK significantly exceeded 100% NPK for chlorophyll b at CRI, tillering and milking, with respective values 0.46, 0.68 and 0.53 mg g-1 leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150%e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘b’e1
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 0.46e1
- Qualifier
- 0.68e1
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK”
e1“chlorophyll ‘b’ (0.46 and 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI, 0.68 and 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissue at tillering and 0.53 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue at milking)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200% NPK significantly exceeded 100% NPK for chlorophyll b at CRI, tillering and milking, with respective values 0.45, 0.71 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 200% NPKe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘b’e1
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissuee1
- Qualifier
- 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissuee1
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK”
e1“chlorophyll ‘b’ (0.46 and 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI, 0.68 and 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissue at tillering and 0.53 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue at milking)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200% NPK with inorganic sources significantly exceeded 100% NPK for chlorophyll a at jointing and milking.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- jointing and milking stagee0
- Treatment
- 200% NPKe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘a’ contente0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Qualifier
- inorganice0
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 200% NPK with inorganic and integrated sources significantly superior to 100% NPK for chlorophyll ‘a’ content at jointing and milking stage”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200% NPK with integrated sources significantly exceeded 100% NPK for chlorophyll a at jointing and milking.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- jointing and milking stagee0
- Treatment
- 200% NPKe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ‘a’ contente0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Qualifier
- integrated sourcese0
- Comparator
- 100% NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 200% NPK with inorganic and integrated sources significantly superior to 100% NPK for chlorophyll ‘a’ content at jointing and milking stage”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
150% NPK with inorganic sources significantly exceeded integrated sources for total chlorophyll and SPAD, except total chlorophyll at jointing and milking and SPAD at milking.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150%e0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll content and SPAD valuee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- except 150% NPK for total chlorophyll at jointing and milking stage and SPAD value at milking stagee0
- Comparator
- integrated source of nutriente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of 150% and 200% NPK with inorganic source were found significantly higher over the same level of NPK with integrated source of nutrient for total chlorophyll content and SPAD value at all the growth stages except 150% NPK for total chlorophyll at jointing and milking stage and SPAD value at milking stage.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200% NPK with inorganic sources significantly exceeded integrated sources for total chlorophyll and SPAD at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 200% NPK with inorganic sourcee0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll content and SPAD valuee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- integrated source of nutriente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“200% NPK with inorganic source were found significantly higher over the same level of NPK with integrated source of nutrient for total chlorophyll content and SPAD value at all the growth stages”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SPAD was significantly positively correlated with chlorophyll a, b and total at all stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ’a’, ‘b’, totale0
- Direction
- positivelye0
- Comparator
- SPAD valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlation between SPAD value and chlorophyll ’a’, ‘b’, total were found significantly and positively at all growth stages.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Determination coefficients indicated a linear relationship between SPAD and chlorophyll content at all stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Coefficient of determination valuese0
- Qualifier
- linear relationshipe0
- Comparator
- SPADe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Coefficient of determination values between SPAD and chlorophyll content showed linear relationship at all the growth stages.”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 755 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.