Abstract
Field experiments under zero-till rainfed conditions were conducted during 2010–11 and 2011–12 at New Delhi for evaluating the agronomic performance and economics of green gram influenced by residue management practices, viz. no-residue, crop residues and Leucaena twigs applied to three preceding winter-season crops, such as wheat, chickpea and mustard. All crops were grown under zero-tillage following recommended practices under rainfed conditions. Green gram showed higher root length density (RLD), root surface area (RSA), root volume density (RVD) and average root diameter under crop residues, followed by Leucaena twigs. Comparatively, higher seed yield of green gram was obtained with application of crop residues in 2010, but it was 24% less in 2011. Crop residues and Leucaena twigs remained statistically at par with seed yield of green gram in 2011. Similarly, chickpea as a preceding crop resulted in significantly higher green gram yield over wheat and mustard as preceding crops. The yield attributes like pods per plant and weight of pods per plant showed a significant variation in 2011. The nutrient uptake followed the same trend as seed and stalk yields. Economic analysis exhibited the highest returns under crop residue retention, followed by Leucaena twigs, but no-residue treatment recorded the highest B: C ratio , followed by Leucaena twigs and crop residues in 2010. Green gram, after chickpea with Leucaena twigs provided higher returns in 2011. It was concluded that green gram, after chickpea or wheat with Leucaena twigs and crop residues was a productive and profitable cropping system under semi–arid zero-till conditions. Keywords: Greengram, preceding winter crops, productivity, profitability, rainfed, residue management, root characteristics, zero-till Cite this Article: Lal Prasad Amgain, Ajit Ram Sharma, Abhisek Shrestha. Residue Management and Preceding Winter Crops on Root Characteristics, Weed Dynamics, Productivity, Nutrient Uptake and Profitability of Green Gram under Zero–till Semi-arid Condition. International Journal of Plant Biotechnology. 2019; 5(1) 18–28p.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Green gram showed higher root length density, root surface area and root volume density under crop residues, followed by Leucaena twigs.
- Taxon
- Green gram
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiata var. radiatae0 - Treatment
- crop residuese0
- Outcome
- root length density (RLD), root surface area (RSA), root volume density (RVD)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Green gram showed higher root length density (RLD), root surface area (RSA), root volume density (RVD) and average root diameter under crop residues”
Claim · model-written summary
Green gram showed higher average root diameter under crop residues, followed by Leucaena twigs.
- Taxon
- Green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- crop residuese0
- Outcome
- average root diametere0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green gram showed higher root length density (RLD), root surface area (RSA), root volume density (RVD) and average root diameter under crop residues”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher seed yield of green gram was obtained with crop residues in 2010.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- application of crop residuese0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher seed yield of green gram was obtained with application of crop residues in 2010”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield of green gram with crop residues was 24% less in 2011 than in 2010.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- crop residuese0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 24%e0
- Qualifier
- in 2011e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comparatively, higher seed yield of green gram was obtained with application of crop residues in 2010, but it was 24% less in 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop residues and Leucaena twigs were statistically at par for green gram seed yield in 2011.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Leucaena twigse0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- at pare0
- Comparator
- Crop residuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop residues and Leucaena twigs remained statistically at par with seed yield of green gram in 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea as the preceding crop gave significantly higher green gram yield than wheat and mustard as preceding crops.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- chickpea as a preceding crope0
- Outcome
- green gram yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- wheat and mustard as preceding cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chickpea as a preceding crop resulted in significantly higher green gram yield over wheat and mustard as preceding crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Pods per plant and weight of pods per plant of green gram varied significantly in 2011.
- Taxon
- Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Outcome
- pods per plant and weight of pods per plante0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield attributes like pods per plant and weight of pods per plant showed a significant variation in 2011”
t0“Green Gram”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient uptake of green gram followed the same trend as seed and stalk yields.
- Taxon
- Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Qualifier
- followed the same trend as seed and stalk yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nutrient uptake followed the same trend as seed and stalk yields”
t0“Green Gram”
Claim · model-written summary
Economic analysis of green gram showed the highest returns under crop residue retention, followed by Leucaena twigs.
- Taxon
- Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- crop residue retentione0
- Outcome
- returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Economic analysis exhibited the highest returns under crop residue retention, followed by Leucaena twigs”
t0“Green Gram”
Claim · model-written summary
The no-residue treatment recorded the highest benefit:cost ratio in 2010, followed by Leucaena twigs and crop residues.
- Taxon
- Green GramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- no-residuee0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in 2010e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no-residue treatment recorded the highest B: C ratio , followed by Leucaena twigs and crop residues in 2010”
t0“Green Gram”
Claim · model-written summary
Green gram after chickpea with Leucaena twigs provided higher returns in 2011.
- Taxon
- Green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Leucaena twigse0
- Outcome
- returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- after chickpeae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green gram, after chickpea with Leucaena twigs provided higher returns in 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that green gram after chickpea or wheat with Leucaena twigs and crop residues was a productive and profitable cropping system under semi-arid zero-till conditions.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Outcome
- productive and profitable cropping systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was concluded that green gram, after chickpea or wheat with Leucaena twigs and crop residues was a productive and profitable cropping system under semi–arid zero-till conditions”
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