Abstract
This research aims to exploit total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, antioxidant and allelopathic activities of leaf extracts, and essential oil compositions from leaves of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq. The results indicated that the leaf extract from ethanol 100% (E100) possessed a lower total polyphenol and flavonoid content than the extract from ethanol 70% (E70). In contrast, the antioxidant activity from E100 extract with IC50=612.9±12.9 μg/ml was stronger than that of E70 extract with IC50=1225.5±6.9 μg/ml. Regarding allelopathic activity, while the extracts from E100 and E70 inhibited root growth of radish, both extracts promoted root growth of lettuce. Especially, E100 extract with 3 mg/ml inhibited root growth of radish up to 48.1%. Moreover, using water solvents, the extracts reduced root growth of both the radish and lettuce. By GC-MS analyses, 33 compounds were identified from A. pedunculata essential oil. The major constituents were caryophyllene (47.09%), humulene (17.28%), α-copaene (4.98%), isoledene (3.59%), and (-)-α-panasinsen (3.51%), other compounds were accounted for lower 3%.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
E100 extract had less total polyphenol and flavonoid content than E70.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculata
Acronychia pedunculatat0 - Treatment
- ethanol 100% (E100)e0
- Outcome
- total polyphenol and flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- ethanol 70% (E70)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf extract from ethanol 100% (E100) possessed a lower total polyphenol and flavonoid content than the extract from ethanol 70% (E70).”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
E100 extract antioxidant activity exceeded E70 activity by the stated IC50 comparison.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0
- Treatment
- E100 extracte0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Value
- IC50=612.9±12.9 μg/mle0
- Qualifier
- IC50=1225.5±6.9 μg/mle0
- Comparator
- E70 extracte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the antioxidant activity from E100 extract with IC50=612.9±12.9 μg/ml was stronger than that of E70 extract with IC50=1225.5±6.9 μg/ml.”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
E100 extract inhibited radish root growth.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse0 - Treatment
- E100e0
- Interactor
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0othere0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extracts from E100 and E70 inhibited root growth of radish”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
E70 extract inhibited radish root growth.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- E70e0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extracts from E100 and E70 inhibited root growth of radish”
Claim · model-written summary
E100 extract promoted lettuce root growth.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- extractse0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both extracts promoted root growth of lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
E70 extract promoted lettuce root growth.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- extractse0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both extracts promoted root growth of lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
E100 at 3 mg/ml inhibited radish root growth by up to 48.1%.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- E100 extract with 3 mg/mle0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 48.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“E100 extract with 3 mg/ml inhibited root growth of radish up to 48.1%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-solvent extracts reduced radish root growth.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- water solventse0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using water solvents, the extracts reduced root growth of both the radish and lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-solvent extracts reduced lettuce root growth.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- water solventse0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using water solvents, the extracts reduced root growth of both the radish and lettuce.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-three compounds were identified from Acronychia essential oil.
- Taxon
- A. pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatae0
- Outcome
- compoundse0
- Value
- 33e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“33 compounds were identified from A. pedunculata essential oil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Caryophyllene accounted for 47.09% of Acronychia essential oil.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0
- Outcome
- caryophyllenee0
- Value
- 47.09%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The major constituents were caryophyllene (47.09%)”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
Humulene accounted for 17.28% of Acronychia essential oil.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0
- Outcome
- humulenee0
- Value
- 17.28%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“humulene (17.28%)”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-copaene accounted for 4.98% of Acronychia essential oil.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0
- Outcome
- α-copaenee0
- Value
- 4.98%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“α-copaene (4.98%)”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoledene accounted for 3.59% of Acronychia essential oil.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0
- Outcome
- isoledenee0
- Value
- 3.59%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isoledene (3.59%)”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpha-panasinsen accounted for 3.51% of Acronychia essential oil.
- Taxon
- Acronychia pedunculataAcronychia pedunculatat0
- Outcome
- (-)-α-panasinsene0
- Value
- 3.51%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(-)-α-panasinsen (3.51%)”
t0“Antioxidant, allelopathic activities of leaf extracts and essential oil compositions of Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.”
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