Abstract
There is increasing concern about environmental contamination risks associated with the extensive use of mineral fertilizer in crops production. The aim of this study is to evaluate rice straw extract as natural fertilizer and suitable alternative to nitrogen mineral fertilizer. Two successive field experiments were carried out at Giza, Agricultural Research Station, during two seasons of summer and winter /2015/2016 to study the effect of rice straw extract as soil addition and soaking seed with or without amino acids on yield of maize and wheat crops. Maize and wheat seeds were soaked in aqueous solution of rice straw extract without or with amino acids for 6, 12, 24 hours. The results indicated that there are significant differences between average of grain and biological yield of maize (15.59 and 23.56 t/ha), protein yield (1934.37 kg/ha) and N, P uptake (322.97, 129.4 kg/ha) by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acids as natural fertilizer compared to nitrogen fertilizer. Contrary, maize is better adapted and produce more yield than wheat, the data regarding grain and straw yield of wheat (8.97 and 22.1 t/ha) and protein yield (1256.91 kg/ha) and N uptake (228.45 kg/ha) was observed by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract only compared to nitrogen fertilizer. It can be concluded that rice straw extract as natural fertilizer with or without amino acids could be suitable alternative to nitrogen mineral fertilizers.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield under rice straw extract and 12-hour soaking with amino acids differed significantly from nitrogen fertilizer and averaged 15.59 t/ha.
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acidse1
- Outcome
- grain and biological yield of maizee0
- Value
- 15.59 and 23.56 t/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain and biological yield of maize (15.59 and 23.56 t/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acids as natural fertilizer compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize biological yield under this treatment differed significantly from nitrogen fertilizer and averaged 23.56 t/ha.
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acidse1
- Outcome
- biological yield of maizee0
- Value
- 23.56 t/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biological yield of maize (15.59 and 23.56 t/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acids as natural fertilizer compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize protein yield under this treatment differed significantly from nitrogen fertilizer and was 1934.37 kg/ha.
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acidse1
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Value
- 1934.37 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (15.59 and 23.56 t/ha), protein yield (1934.37 kg/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acids as natural fertilizer compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize nitrogen uptake under this treatment differed significantly from nitrogen fertilizer and was 322.97 kg/ha.
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acidse1
- Outcome
- N, P uptakee0
- Value
- 322.97, 129.4 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (15.59 and 23.56 t/ha), protein yield (1934.37 kg/ha) and N, P uptake (322.97, 129.4 kg/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acids as natural fertilizer compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize phosphorus uptake under this treatment differed significantly from nitrogen fertilizer and was 129.4 kg/ha.
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acidse1
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Value
- 129.4 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (15.59 and 23.56 t/ha), protein yield (1934.37 kg/ha) and N, P uptake (322.97, 129.4 kg/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 12 hours in rice straw extract mixed with amino acids as natural fertilizer compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat grain yield with rice straw extract and six-hour seed soaking was 8.97 t/ha compared with nitrogen fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract onlye1
- Outcome
- grain and straw yield of wheate0
- Value
- 8.97 and 22.1 t/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain and straw yield of wheat (8.97 and 22.1 t/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract only compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw yield with rice straw extract and six-hour seed soaking was 22.1 t/ha compared with nitrogen fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract onlye1
- Outcome
- straw yield of wheate0
- Value
- 22.1 t/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“straw yield of wheat (8.97 and 22.1 t/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract only compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat protein yield with rice straw extract and six-hour seed soaking was 1256.91 kg/ha compared with nitrogen fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract onlye1
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Value
- 1256.91 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (8.97 and 22.1 t/ha) and protein yield (1256.91 kg/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract only compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat nitrogen uptake with rice straw extract and six-hour seed soaking was 228.45 kg/ha compared with nitrogen fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract onlye1
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Value
- 228.45 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fertilizere1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (8.97 and 22.1 t/ha) and protein yield (1256.91 kg/ha) and N uptake (228.45 kg/ha)”
e1“by application of rice straw extract and seed soaking for 6 hours with rice straw extract only compared to nitrogen fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize produced more yield than wheat.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize is better adapted and produce more yield than wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude rice straw extract with or without amino acids could substitute for mineral nitrogen fertilizer.
- Treatment
- rice straw extract as natural fertilizer with or without amino acidse0
- Outcome
- suitable alternative to nitrogen mineral fertilizerse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
t0“some Crops”
e0“rice straw extract as natural fertilizer with or without amino acids could be suitable alternative to nitrogen mineral fertilizers”
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