Abstract
Plant population is an important attribute in crop management practice. Increasing the plant density by decreasing the crop row spacing was an alternative strategy to optimize crop profit. Hence, the field trial was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during the winter season of 2017 – 18 to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819. The experimental design was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven spacing treatments viz., T1: 60 x 15 cm (1,11,111 plants ha-1), T2: 60 x 20 cm (83,333 plants ha-1), T3: 75 x 15 cm (88,888 plants ha-1), T4: 75 x 20 cm (66,666 plants ha-1), T5: 75 x 30 cm (44,444 plants ha-1), T6: 90 x 15 cm (74074 plants ha-1), T7: 90 x 20cm (55,555 plants ha-1) and was replicated thrice. Plant densities showed a significant (p=0.05) difference for all the characters studied. The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24). The number of sympodial branches per plant (17) and bolls per plant (22 bolls) was found significant in the wider spacing of 75 x 30 cm. The narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cm noted the highest seed cotton yield (2565 kg/ha), net return (R65706.62), and B: C (2.32) ratio, followed by the spacing of 75 x 15 cm due to more plant density per unit area (m2). So, maximum yield in cotton can be achieved by decreasing the row spacing and increasing the plant population per unit area.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density differed significantly for all cotton growth and yield characters studied.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- Plant densitiese1
- Outcome
- the characters studiede1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“Plant densities showed a significant (p=0.05) difference for all the characters studied”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum plant height (103.14 cm).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 103.14 cme1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum leaf area index (4.35).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- Leaf Area Indexe1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 4.35e1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum dry matter production (8125 kg/ha).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- Dry Matter Productione1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 8125 kg/hae1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum crop growth rate (6.58 g/m2/day).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- Crop Growth Ratee1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 6.58 g/m2/daye1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum root length (41.46 cm).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- root lengthe1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 41.46 cme1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum root dry weight (14.94 g/plant).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- root dry weighte1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 14.94 g/plante1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the maximum chlorophyll index (48.24).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- TCH 1819e0
- Treatment
- 60 x 15 cme1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll indexe1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 48.24e1
- Qualifier
- p=0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e1“The higher plant density of 1,11,111 plants (60 x 15 cm) observed significantly (p=0.05) maximum plant height (103.14 cm), Leaf Area Index (LAI) (4.35), Dry Matter Production (DMP) (8125 kg/ha), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) (6.58 g/m2/day), root length (41.46 cm), root dry weight (14.94 g/plant), and chlorophyll index (48.24)”
Claim · model-written summary
The wider 75 x 30 cm spacing gave more sympodial branches per plant (17).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- wider spacing of 75 x 30 cme2
- Outcome
- sympodial branches per plante2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 17e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e2“The number of sympodial branches per plant (17) and bolls per plant (22 bolls) was found significant in the wider spacing of 75 x 30 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
The wider 75 x 30 cm spacing gave more bolls per plant (22).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- wider spacing of 75 x 30 cme2
- Outcome
- bolls per plante2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 22 bollse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e2“The number of sympodial branches per plant (17) and bolls per plant (22 bolls) was found significant in the wider spacing of 75 x 30 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the highest seed cotton yield (2565 kg/ha).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cme3
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 2565 kg/hae3
- Comparator
- the spacing of 75 x 15 cme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e3“The narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cm noted the highest seed cotton yield (2565 kg/ha), net return (R65706.62), and B: C (2.32) ratio, followed by the spacing of 75 x 15 cm due to more plant density per unit area (m2)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the highest net return (R65706.62).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cme3
- Outcome
- net returne3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- R65706.62e3
- Comparator
- the spacing of 75 x 15 cme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e3“The narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cm noted the highest seed cotton yield (2565 kg/ha), net return (R65706.62), and B: C (2.32) ratio, followed by the spacing of 75 x 15 cm due to more plant density per unit area (m2)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 x 15 cm spacing gave the highest benefit:cost ratio (2.32).
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cme3
- Outcome
- B: Ce3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 2.32e3
- Comparator
- the spacing of 75 x 15 cme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to study the effect of row spacing on the growth and yield of cotton genotype TCH 1819”
e3“The narrow spacing of 60 x 15 cm noted the highest seed cotton yield (2565 kg/ha), net return (R65706.62), and B: C (2.32) ratio, followed by the spacing of 75 x 15 cm due to more plant density per unit area (m2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum cotton yield can be achieved by decreasing the row spacing and increasing the plant population per unit area.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume4
- Outcome
- maximum yielde4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“So, maximum yield in cotton can be achieved by decreasing the row spacing and increasing the plant population per unit area”
The same questions in other papers
density · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
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See all 46 papers →density · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
129 papers in the same direction as this paper · 38 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 171 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.