Abstract
Aim: Physiological variations in Cucurbita moschata due to infection with a Nigerian strain of Moroccan watermelon virus (MWMV): Lagenaria breviflora isolate was studied. Study Design: Randomized block design was used. Place and Duration of Study: Botany Department, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria between March and May, 2015. Methodology: Seeds of C. moschata were sown, on germination inoculated with the virus and analyzed for possible variations between healthy and inoculated plants. Results: Results analysis revealed increase in all amino acids investigated. Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid). Infection of C. moschata with a Nigerian Strain of MWMV: Lagenaria breviflora isolate caused significant decrease in leaf nitrogen and relative water content of inoculated plants compared to the healthy. Highest percentage decrease in leaf nitrogen was 40.7% at 2 weeks after inoculation (WAI) and lowest of 25.0% at 10 WAI. The virus caused decrease in relative water content of 29.6% at 6 WAI. Activity of oxidative stress enzymes: peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH) and 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH) were significantly (P=0.05) increased in infected C. moschata- MWMV plant. Enzymes activity was significantly higher in inoculated than in healthy plants at all stages of growth with decrease at later periods for both inoculated and healthy plants. Percentage increase in POD, PPO, G6PdH and 6PGdH activity due to infection at 8 WAI had values of -40.5%, -46.7%, -98.9% and -89.1% respectively. Conclusion: The Nigerian strain of MWMV: Lagenaria breviflora isolate caused significant variations with increase and decrease in biochemical and physiological components of C. moschata affecting its growth and yield.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Virus infection increased all investigated amino acids.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschata
Cucurbita moschatat0 - Outcome
- all amino acids investigatede0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results analysis revealed increase in all amino acids investigated.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in aspartic acid by -40.0%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- aspartic acide0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -40.0%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in histidine by -36.1%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- histidinee0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -36.1%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in proline by -29.7%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -29.7%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in lysine by -28.8%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- lysinee0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -28.8%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in glysine by -23.3%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- glysinee0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -23.3%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in phenylalanine by -16.6%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- phenylalaninee0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -16.6%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated versus healthy plants differed in glutamic acid by -12.6%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- glutamic acide0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- -12.6%e0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest significant (P=0.05) percentage variation in amino acids of inoculated and healthy were -40.0% for aspartic acid, -36.1% (histidine), -29.7% (proline), -28.8% (lysine), -23.3% (glysine), -16.6% (phenylalanine) and -12.6% (glutamic acid).”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
MWMV infection significantly decreased leaf nitrogen.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Treatment
- Infection of C. moschata with a Nigerian Strain of MWMV: Lagenaria breviflora isolatee0
- Interactor
- MWMVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogene0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Infection of C. moschata with a Nigerian Strain of MWMV: Lagenaria breviflora isolate caused significant decrease in leaf nitrogen and relative water content of inoculated plants compared to the healthy.”
Claim · model-written summary
MWMV infection significantly decreased relative water content.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Treatment
- Infection of C. moschata with a Nigerian Strain of MWMV: Lagenaria breviflora isolatee0
- Interactor
- MWMVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Infection of C. moschata with a Nigerian Strain of MWMV: Lagenaria breviflora isolate caused significant decrease in leaf nitrogen and relative water content of inoculated plants compared to the healthy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nitrogen decreased 40.7% at 2 weeks after inoculation (WAI).
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogene0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 40.7%e0
- Qualifier
- 2 weeks after inoculation (WAI)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest percentage decrease in leaf nitrogen was 40.7% at 2 weeks after inoculation (WAI) and lowest of 25.0% at 10 WAI.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nitrogen decreased 25.0% at 10 WAI.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogene0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 25.0%e0
- Qualifier
- 10 WAIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest percentage decrease in leaf nitrogen was 40.7% at 2 weeks after inoculation (WAI) and lowest of 25.0% at 10 WAI.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus infection reduced relative water content 29.6% at 6 WAI.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- viruse0
- Interactor
- viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 29.6%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 WAIe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The virus caused decrease in relative water content of 29.6% at 6 WAI.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
peroxidase (POD) activity significantly increased in infected plants.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Interactor
- MWMVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity of oxidative stress enzymes: peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH) and 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH) were significantly (P=0.05) increased in infected C. moschata- MWMV plant.”
Claim · model-written summary
polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity significantly increased in infected plants.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Interactor
- MWMVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity of oxidative stress enzymes: peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH) and 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH) were significantly (P=0.05) increased in infected C. moschata- MWMV plant.”
Claim · model-written summary
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH) activity significantly increased in infected plants.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Interactor
- MWMVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity of oxidative stress enzymes: peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH) and 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH) were significantly (P=0.05) increased in infected C. moschata- MWMV plant.”
Claim · model-written summary
6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH) activity significantly increased in infected plants.
- Taxon
- C. moschataCucurbita moschatae0
- Interactor
- MWMVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity of oxidative stress enzymes: peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6PGdH) and 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase (G6PdH) were significantly (P=0.05) increased in infected C. moschata- MWMV plant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activity was higher in inoculated plants at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- Enzymes activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- healthye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enzymes activity was significantly higher in inoculated than in healthy plants at all stages of growth with decrease at later periods for both inoculated and healthy plants.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activity decreased later in both inoculated and healthy plants.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Outcome
- Enzymes activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- later periods for both inoculated and healthy plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enzymes activity was significantly higher in inoculated than in healthy plants at all stages of growth with decrease at later periods for both inoculated and healthy plants.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”
Claim · model-written summary
At 8 WAI infection-associated increases were reported for POD, PPO, G6PdH and 6PGdH activity, with respective values -40.5%, -46.7%, -98.9% and -89.1%.
- Taxon
- Cucurbita moschataCucurbita moschatat0
- Outcome
- POD, PPO, G6PdH and 6PGdH activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- at 8 WAIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percentage increase in POD, PPO, G6PdH and 6PGdH activity due to infection at 8 WAI had values of -40.5%, -46.7%, -98.9% and -89.1% respectively.”
t0“Cucurbita moschata”