Abstract
Water-deficit stress poses tremendous constraints to sustainable agriculture, particularly under abrupt climate change. Hence, it is crucial to find eco-friendly approaches to ameliorate drought tolerance, especially for sensitive crops such as maize. This study aimed at assessing the impact of seed halo-priming on seedling vigor, grain yield, and water use efficiency of maize under various irrigation regimes. Laboratory trials evaluated the influence of seed halo-priming using two concentrations of sodium chloride solution, 4000 and 8000 ppm NaCl, versus unprimed seeds on seed germination and seedling vigor parameters. Field trials investigated the impact of halo-priming treatments on maize yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under four irrigation regimes comprising excessive (120% of estimated crop evapotranspiration, ETc), normal (100% ETc), and deficit (80 and 60% ETc) irrigation regimes. Over-irrigation by 20% did not produce significantly more grain yield but considerably reduced WUE. Deficit irrigation (80 and 60%ETc) gradually reduced grain yield and its attributes. Halo-priming treatments, particularly 4000 ppm NaCl, improved uniformity and germination speed, increased germination percentage and germination index, and produced more vigorous seedlings with heavier dry weight compared with unprimed seeds. Under field conditions, the plants originated from halo-primed seeds, especially with 4000 ppm NaCl, had higher grain yield and WUE compared with unprimed seeds under deficit irrigation regimes. The long-lasting stress memory induced by seed halo-priming, particularly with 4000 ppm NaCl, promoted maize seedling establishment, grain yield, and WUE and consequently mitigated the devastating impacts of drought stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Over irrigation by 20% did not significantly increase grain yield.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over-irrigation by 20% did not produce significantly more grain yield”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Over irrigation by 20% reduced water use efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over-irrigation by 20% did not produce significantly more grain yield but considerably reduced WUE”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation gradually reduced grain yield and its attributes.
- Treatment
- Deficit irrigation (80 and 60%ETc)e0
- Outcome
- grain yield and its attributese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deficit irrigation (80 and 60%ETc) gradually reduced grain yield and its attributes”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed halo priming improved germination uniformity and speed.
- Treatment
- Halo-priming treatments, particularly 4000 ppm NaCle0
- Outcome
- uniformity and germination speede0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Halo-priming treatments, particularly 4000 ppm NaCl, improved uniformity and germination speed”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed halo priming increased germination percentage and index.
- Treatment
- Seed Halo-Primingt0
- Outcome
- germination percentage and germination indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased germination percentage and germination index”
t0“Seed Halo-Priming Improves Seedling Vigor, Grain Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Maize under Varying Irrigation Regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Halo primed seeds produced seedlings with heavier dry weight than unprimed seeds.
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- Seed Halo-Primingt0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“produced more vigorous seedlings with heavier dry weight compared with unprimed seeds”
t0“Seed Halo-Priming Improves Seedling Vigor, Grain Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Maize under Varying Irrigation Regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Halo primed plants had higher grain yield under deficit irrigation.
- Treatment
- halo-primed seeds, especially with 4000 ppm NaCle0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under deficit irrigation regimese0
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants originated from halo-primed seeds, especially with 4000 ppm NaCl, had higher grain yield and WUE compared with unprimed seeds under deficit irrigation regimes”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Halo primed plants had higher water use efficiency under deficit irrigation.
- Treatment
- halo-primed seeds, especially with 4000 ppm NaCle0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under deficit irrigation regimese0
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants originated from halo-primed seeds, especially with 4000 ppm NaCl, had higher grain yield and WUE compared with unprimed seeds under deficit irrigation regimes”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attribute improved establishment, yield, and water use to stress memory induced by priming.
- Treatment
- seed halo-priming, particularly with 4000 ppm NaCle0
- Outcome
- maize seedling establishment, grain yield, and WUEe0
- Qualifier
- long-lasting stress memorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The long-lasting stress memory induced by seed halo-priming, particularly with 4000 ppm NaCl, promoted maize seedling establishment, grain yield, and WUE and consequently mitigated the devastating impacts of drought stress”
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