Abstract
The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India for 3 years (2011-2013). Results revealed that conventional tillage significantly increased growth parameters, viz. leaf area index, SPAD, and plant height as compared to NT, and produced 14% higher grain yield (2.94 Mg/ha) when compared to RT (2.57 Mg/ha) and 58% to NT (1.86 Mg/ha) system. No tillage significantly increased the density of grassy weed Brachiaria reptans (34.50/ m2) as compared to RT (21.83/m2) and CT (26.33/m2). However, the density of Cyperus iria (78.67/m2) and Digera arvensis (17.0/m2) increased significantly in CT. Conventional tillage significantly increased soil moisture content and Azotobacter population at 0-15 cm soil depth compared to NT conditions. Conventional tillage and application of RDF (80:40:40 kg NPK/ha) recorded maximum yield, net returns, B:C ratio and energy productivity.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage increased leaf area index, SPAD and plant height compared with no tillage
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee1
- Outcome
- leaf area index, SPAD, and plant heighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- NTe1
- Setting
- Hyderabad, Indiae0
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e1“conventional tillage significantly increased growth parameters, viz. leaf area index, SPAD, and plant height as compared to NT”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage gave 14% higher grain yield than reduced tillage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e1“conventional tillage significantly increased growth parameters, viz. leaf area index, SPAD, and plant height as compared to NT”
e2“produced 14% higher grain yield (2.94 Mg/ha) when compared to RT (2.57 Mg/ha) and 58% to NT (1.86 Mg/ha) system”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage gave 58% higher grain yield than no tillage
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee1
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 58%e2
- Comparator
- NTe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e1“conventional tillage significantly increased growth parameters, viz. leaf area index, SPAD, and plant height as compared to NT”
e2“produced 14% higher grain yield (2.94 Mg/ha) when compared to RT (2.57 Mg/ha) and 58% to NT (1.86 Mg/ha) system”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased Brachiaria reptans density compared with reduced tillage
- Treatment
- No tillagee3
- Interactor
- Brachiaria reptans
Urochloa reptanse3weed - Outcome
- densitye3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 34.50/m2e3
- Qualifier
- 21.83/m2e3
- Comparator
- RTe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e3“No tillage significantly increased the density of grassy weed Brachiaria reptans (34.50/ m2) as compared to RT (21.83/m2) and CT (26.33/m2)”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased Brachiaria reptans density compared with conventional tillage
- Treatment
- No tillagee3
- Interactor
- Brachiaria reptansUrochloa reptanse3weed
- Outcome
- densitye3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 34.50/m2e3
- Qualifier
- 26.33/m2e3
- Comparator
- CTe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e3“No tillage significantly increased the density of grassy weed Brachiaria reptans (34.50/ m2) as compared to RT (21.83/m2) and CT (26.33/m2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage increased Cyperus iria density
- Treatment
- CTe4
- Interactor
- Cyperus iria
.jpg?width=60)
Cyperus iriae4weed - Outcome
- densitye4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 78.67/m2e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e4“However, the density of Cyperus iria (78.67/m2) and Digera arvensis (17.0/m2) increased significantly in CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage increased Digera arvensis density
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e4“However, the density of Cyperus iria (78.67/m2) and Digera arvensis (17.0/m2) increased significantly in CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage increased soil moisture content at 0-15 cm depth compared with no tillage
- Treatment
- Conventional tillagee5
- Outcome
- soil moisture contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- NT conditionse5
- Setting
- 0-15 cm soil depthe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e5“Conventional tillage significantly increased soil moisture content and Azotobacter population at 0-15 cm soil depth compared to NT conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage increased Azotobacter population at 0-15 cm depth compared with no tillage
- Treatment
- Conventional tillagee5
- Outcome
- Azotobacter populatione5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- NT conditionse5
- Setting
- 0-15 cm soil depthe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e5“Conventional tillage significantly increased soil moisture content and Azotobacter population at 0-15 cm soil depth compared to NT conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage with RDF gave maximum yield, net returns and B:C ratio
- Treatment
- Conventional tillage and application of RDF (80:40:40 kg NPK/ha)e6
- Outcome
- yield, net returns, B:C ratioe6
- Direction
- maximume6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e6“Conventional tillage and application of RDF (80:40:40 kg NPK/ha) recorded maximum yield, net returns, B:C ratio and energy productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage with RDF gave maximum energy productivity
- Treatment
- Conventional tillage and application of RDF (80:40:40 kg NPK/ha)e6
- Outcome
- energy productivitye6
- Direction
- maximume6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effects of tillage intensity (conventional-CT, reduced-RT or no tillage-NT) and nutrient management (inorganic and/or organic) on sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production, soil properties, weed dynamics, energy use, and economics were studied on an Alfisols in Hyderabad, India”
e6“Conventional tillage and application of RDF (80:40:40 kg NPK/ha) recorded maximum yield, net returns, B:C ratio and energy productivity”
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