Abstract
The objective of the present work has been to evaluate the impact of damage caused by defoliating insects on wood quality and charcoal production, and to quantify the losses per hectare according to the charcoal produced. Seven-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condition and damaged by defoliating insects, were selected, with five trees to be used per treatment. Wood disks were removed from the trees at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the commercial height for analyzing the properties of the wood and for preparing and characterizing the charcoal. Damage by defoliating insects decreased the basic density of the trees at all axial positions by up to 23 kg m-3. Also, the extractives and lignin contents increased, while the holocellulose content decreased in the attacked plants. Changes in the wood characteristics led to increased fixed carbon content and gravimetric yield, and a decrease in density. The charcoal productivity from the plants damaged by defoliating insects was lower, mainly because of the decrease in volumetric production.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Extractives and lignin contents increased in Eucalyptus plants attacked by defoliating insects compared with healthy plants.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus
.jpg?width=60)
Eucalyptuse0 - Treatment
- damaged by defoliating insectse0
- Interactor
- defoliating insectse0pest
- Outcome
- extractives and lignin contentse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- healthy conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condition and damaged by defoliating insects”
e1“the extractives and lignin contents increased, while the holocellulose content decreased in the attacked plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Holocellulose content decreased in Eucalyptus plants attacked by defoliating insects compared with healthy plants.
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse0
- Treatment
- damaged by defoliating insectse0
- Interactor
- defoliating insectse0pest
- Outcome
- holocellulose contente1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- healthy conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condition and damaged by defoliating insects”
e1“the extractives and lignin contents increased, while the holocellulose content decreased in the attacked plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wood changes caused by insect damage led to increased fixed carbon content and gravimetric yield of the charcoal.
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse0
- Treatment
- damaged by defoliating insectse0
- Interactor
- defoliating insectse0pest
- Outcome
- fixed carbon content and gravimetric yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- healthy conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condition and damaged by defoliating insects”
e1“Changes in the wood characteristics led to increased fixed carbon content and gravimetric yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Wood changes caused by insect damage led to a decrease in charcoal density.
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse0
- Treatment
- damaged by defoliating insectse0
- Interactor
- defoliating insectse0pest
- Outcome
- densitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- healthy conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condition and damaged by defoliating insects”
e1“and a decrease in density”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal productivity from plants damaged by defoliating insects was lower, mainly because of the decrease in volumetric production.
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse0
- Treatment
- damaged by defoliating insectse0
- Interactor
- defoliating insectse0pest
- Outcome
- charcoal productivitye1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- healthy conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) trees, both in healthy condition and damaged by defoliating insects”
e1“The charcoal productivity from the plants damaged by defoliating insects was lower, mainly because of the decrease in volumetric production”