Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND The gibberellins (GAs) GA 5 (inhibitor of GA 3 ‐oxidase), GA 4 (biologically active), GA 4/7 (commercially available mixture of Ga 4 and GA 7 ) prohexadione‐calcium (ProCa, inhibitor of dioxygenases that render GAs bioactive, negative control), and GA 3 (positive control) were applied to bunches of Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec. Different techniques, doses, and timings were used in a 3‐year field experiment. In year 1, GA 5 , ProCa, and GA 3 were applied at 35, 20, and 0 days before veraison (DBV) by dipping bunches three times. In year 2, single applications of GA 5 and GA 3 , also by immersion, were tested at 60, 45, and 30 DBV. In year 3, applications at 60 and 30 DBV of GA 5 , GA 4 , and a mixture of GA 4/7 were evaluated by dipping or spraying the bunches. RESULTS Vegetative growth, berry weight, and sugar content were unaffected by treatments. ProCa did not affect the yield with respect to water control, although it reduced the levels of phenolics in berry skins, an undesirable effect for winemaking. GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1 , raised berry numbers, thereby augmenting bunch weight and skin phenolics at harvest, so increasing berry quality for winemaking. GA 4 and GA 4/7 produced similar benefits to GA 5 , with similar doses. CONCLUSION The applications of GA 5 , GA 4 , and GA 4/7 to developing grape berry bunches, in a range of concentrations and by dipping or spraying, increased berry numbers per bunch at harvest. The method can be used as a viticultural practice to improve the production and quality of wine grapes. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments did not affect vegetative growth, berry weight or sugar content.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec
Vitis viniferae1 - Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Vegetative growth, berry weight, and sugar contente0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vegetative growth, berry weight, and sugar content were unaffected by treatments”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
ProCa did not affect yield relative to water control.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. MalbecVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- ProCae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- water controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ProCa did not affect the yield with respect to water control”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
ProCa reduced phenolics in berry skins.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L. cv. MalbecVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- ProCae1
- Outcome
- levels of phenolics in berry skinse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it reduced the levels of phenolics in berry skins”
e1“ProCa did not affect the yield with respect to water control”
t0“Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 5 increased berry numbers.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. MalbecVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- berry numberse0
- Direction
- raisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1 , raised berry numbers, thereby augmenting bunch weight and skin phenolics at harvest”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 5 increased bunch weight.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. MalbecVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- bunch weighte0
- Direction
- augmentinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1 , raised berry numbers, thereby augmenting bunch weight and skin phenolics at harvest”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 5 increased skin phenolics at harvest.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. MalbecVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- skin phenolicse0
- Direction
- augmentinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 5 , in the dose range 5–50 mg L −1 , raised berry numbers, thereby augmenting bunch weight and skin phenolics at harvest”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 4 produced similar benefits to GA 5.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. MalbecVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- GA 4e0
- Outcome
- similar benefitse0
- Comparator
- GA 5e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 4 and GA 4/7 produced similar benefits to GA 5 , with similar doses”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 4/7 produced similar benefits to GA 5.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera cv. MalbecVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- GA 4/7e0
- Outcome
- similar benefitse0
- Comparator
- GA 5e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 4 and GA 4/7 produced similar benefits to GA 5 , with similar doses”
e1“Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec”
Claim · model-written summary
The gibberellin applications can improve wine grape production and quality.
- Taxon
- wine grapesVitis viniferae0
- Outcome
- improve the production and quality of wine grapese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The method can be used as a viticultural practice to improve the production and quality of wine grapes”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.