Abstract
Precommercial thinning is the basic management practice in young Anatolian black pine [Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana] stands. The aim of this study was to address the lack of knowledge with regard to the impact of the intensity of precommercial thinning on tree growth and stability in Anatolian black pine forest in a humid region under the oro-mediterranean climatic conditions. The field experiment was established in late April 2015 by three precommercial thinning treatments, unthinned control (4941 stems ha−1), 2–2.5 m spacing (PCT2–2.5 m) = 2133 stems ha−1, and 3–3.5 m spacing (PCT3–3.5 m) = 1093 stems ha−1, and monitored for three growing seasons. Tree diameter (diameter at breast height), basal area, and crown radius increments showed a positive response to precommercial thinning, especially in the PCT3–3.5 m plots. The height increment was highest in the unthinned plots. Height:diameter1.30 m (h/d) ratio of trees grown at the PCT3–3.5 m plots was lower than the other precommercial thinning treatments. The negative correlation between DBH and h/d ratio was slightly decreased for the PCT3–3.5 m plots in the 3 years after precommercial thinning. The percentage of trees damaged by snow or wind in the second year of the PCT was not significantly affected by precommercial thinning. Precommercial thinning promotes diameter at breast height and crown growth by reducing competition between neighboring trees for natural resources. In addition, findings indicate that precommercial thinning increased stand stability with increasing diameter against snow/wind damage likely to occur at high altitudes of the oro-mediterranean belt.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Precommercial thinning increased Tree diameter.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana
Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0 - Treatment
- precommercial thinninge0
- Outcome
- Tree diametere0
- Direction
- positive responsee0
- Qualifier
- PCT3–3.5 m plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tree diameter (diameter at breast height), basal area, and crown radius increments showed a positive response to precommercial thinning, especially in the PCT3–3.5 m plots.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Precommercial thinning increased basal area.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- precommercial thinninge0
- Outcome
- basal areae0
- Direction
- positive responsee0
- Qualifier
- PCT3–3.5 m plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tree diameter (diameter at breast height), basal area, and crown radius increments showed a positive response to precommercial thinning, especially in the PCT3–3.5 m plots.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Precommercial thinning increased crown radius increments.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- precommercial thinninge0
- Outcome
- crown radius incrementse0
- Direction
- positive responsee0
- Qualifier
- PCT3–3.5 m plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tree diameter (diameter at breast height), basal area, and crown radius increments showed a positive response to precommercial thinning, especially in the PCT3–3.5 m plots.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Height increment was highest without thinning.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- unthinnede0
- Outcome
- height incremente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The height increment was highest in the unthinned plots.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
PCT3–3.5 m trees had lower height-to-diameter ratio than other thinning treatments.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- PCT3–3.5 me0
- Outcome
- Height:diameter1.30 m (h/d) ratioe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other precommercial thinning treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Height:diameter1.30 m (h/d) ratio of trees grown at the PCT3–3.5 m plots was lower than the other precommercial thinning treatments.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
The negative DBH versus h/d correlation weakened slightly after PCT3–3.5 m thinning.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- PCT3–3.5 me0
- Outcome
- negative correlation between DBH and h/d ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The negative correlation between DBH and h/d ratio was slightly decreased for the PCT3–3.5 m plots in the 3 years after precommercial thinning.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning did not significantly affect snow or wind damage in year two.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- precommercial thinninge0
- Outcome
- percentage of trees damaged by snow or winde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of trees damaged by snow or wind in the second year of the PCT was not significantly affected by precommercial thinning.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attribute greater diameter and crown growth after thinning to reduced competition.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- Precommercial thinninge0
- Outcome
- diameter at breast height and crown growthe0
- Qualifier
- reducing competition between neighboring trees for natural resourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Precommercial thinning promotes diameter at breast height and crown growth by reducing competition between neighboring trees for natural resources.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer thinning increases stand stability against likely snow and wind damage.
- Taxon
- Pinus nigra subsp. pallasianaPinus nigra subsp. pallasianat0
- Treatment
- precommercial thinninge0
- Outcome
- stand stabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“precommercial thinning increased stand stability with increasing diameter against snow/wind damage likely to occur at high altitudes of the oro-mediterranean belt.”
t0“Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · growth · Pinus nigra (black pine)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.