Abstract
Abstract Long‐term continuous monocropping of faba beans increases the incidence of faba bean wilt, while faba bean–wheat intercropping can effectively control it. This study aimed to understand the underlying mechanism of faba bean–wheat intercropping for the control of Fusarium oxysporum and vanillic acid (VA)‐promoted occurrence of faba bean wilt. The occurrence of faba bean wilt was investigated among the monocropped and intercropped plants of faba beans in a field experiment. The contents and types of phenolic acids were examined in the rhizosphere soil. Monocropped and intercropped faba beans were examined under the dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VA (0, 50, 100, 200 mg/L) to understand the alleviating mechanism of faba bean–wheat intercropping. Exogenous addition of high concentrations of VA significantly inhibited the growth and reproduction of F . oxysporum , but under the dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VA, it significantly inhibited the defence enzymes of faba bean roots, stems, and leaves, and rhizosphere soil enzymes. Interestingly, faba bean–wheat intercropping alleviated VA stress and thereby the incidence and disease index of faba bean Fusarium wilt by improving plant resistance and soil enzyme activity. The dual stress of F . oxysporum and VA promotes the occurrence of Fusarium wilt by damaging the defence system of the faba bean root system and rhizosphere soil environment. However, faba bean–wheat intercropping effectively alleviates the autotoxicity of VA by improving the physiological and biochemical resistance of faba beans and soil enzyme activities, and thus controls the occurrence of Fusarium wilt.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
High VA concentrations inhibited F. oxysporum growth and reproduction.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabae0 - Treatment
- high concentrations of VAe0
- Interactor
- F . oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Outcome
- growth and reproduction of F . oxysporume0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous addition of high concentrations of VA significantly inhibited the growth and reproduction of F . oxysporum , but under the dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VA, it significantly inhibited the defence enzymes of faba bean roots, stems, and leaves, and rhizosphere soil enzymes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual F. oxysporum and VA stress inhibited defence enzymes of faba bean roots, stems, and leaves.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VAe0
- Interactor
- F . oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- defence enzymes of faba bean roots, stems, and leavese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous addition of high concentrations of VA significantly inhibited the growth and reproduction of F . oxysporum , but under the dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VA, it significantly inhibited the defence enzymes of faba bean roots, stems, and leaves, and rhizosphere soil enzymes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual F. oxysporum and VA stress inhibited rhizosphere soil enzymes.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VAe0
- Interactor
- F . oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- rhizosphere soil enzymese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous addition of high concentrations of VA significantly inhibited the growth and reproduction of F . oxysporum , but under the dual stress of F . oxysporum and different concentrations of VA, it significantly inhibited the defence enzymes of faba bean roots, stems, and leaves, and rhizosphere soil enzymes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping alleviated Fusarium wilt incidence.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- faba bean–wheat intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- incidencee0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interestingly, faba bean–wheat intercropping alleviated VA stress and thereby the incidence and disease index of faba bean Fusarium wilt by improving plant resistance and soil enzyme activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping alleviated Fusarium wilt disease index.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- faba bean–wheat intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- disease indexe0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interestingly, faba bean–wheat intercropping alleviated VA stress and thereby the incidence and disease index of faba bean Fusarium wilt by improving plant resistance and soil enzyme activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual F. oxysporum and VA stress promoted wilt through damage to root and soil defence systems.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- dual stress of F . oxysporum and VAe0
- Interactor
- F . oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- occurrence of Fusarium wilte0
- Qualifier
- damaging the defence system of the faba bean root system and rhizosphere soil environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dual stress of F . oxysporum and VA promotes the occurrence of Fusarium wilt by damaging the defence system of the faba bean root system and rhizosphere soil environment.”
The same questions in other papers
intercropping · Fusarium · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.