Abstract
Background: Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram, which can be minimized with adoption of proper weed management practices. This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation conducted during summer season 2019 on different herbicides were applied to manage weeds in summer green gram. Eight treatments were applied based on various application windows. In the field and laboratory, the collected samples were determined for growth parameters, nutrient uptakes, seed yield and seed quality of summer green gram. Result: The result revealed that weed free treatment recorded higher growth parameters like, plant height, number of branch/plant, number of leaves/plant and root biomass which was statically at par with Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) as post-emergence (POE) at 20 DAS and Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PE) followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS. Same trends were also observed in seed yield, nutrient content and uptake by seeds. Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher growth parameters in summer green gram.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiata
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Vigna radiatae0 - Treatment
- weed freee1
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e1“The result revealed that weed free treatment recorded higher growth parameters like, plant height, number of branch/plant, number of leaves/plant and root biomass which was statically at par with Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) as post-emergence (POE) at 20 DAS and Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PE) followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Shaked (propaquizafop + imazethapyr) post-emergence gave growth parameters statistically at par with weed-free treatment.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper)e1
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- at pare1
- Comparator
- weed freee1
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e1“The result revealed that weed free treatment recorded higher growth parameters like, plant height, number of branch/plant, number of leaves/plant and root biomass which was statically at par with Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) as post-emergence (POE) at 20 DAS and Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PE) followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin pre-emergence followed by one hand weeding gave growth parameters statistically at par with weed-free treatment.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PE) followed by one hand weeding 20 DASe1
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- at pare1
- Comparator
- weed freee1
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e1“The result revealed that weed free treatment recorded higher growth parameters like, plant height, number of branch/plant, number of leaves/plant and root biomass which was statically at par with Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) as post-emergence (POE) at 20 DAS and Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PE) followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave the same trends in seed yield, nutrient content and nutrient uptake by seeds.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee1
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- seed yield, nutrient content and uptake by seedse2
- Direction
- Same trendse2
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e1“The result revealed that weed free treatment recorded higher growth parameters like, plant height, number of branch/plant, number of leaves/plant and root biomass which was statically at par with Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) as post-emergence (POE) at 20 DAS and Pendimethalin as pre-emergence (PE) followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS”
e2“Same trends were also observed in seed yield, nutrient content and uptake by seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave germination of 98.00%.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- germination per cente3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 98.00e3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher shoot length of 25.63 cm.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- shoote3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 25.63 cme3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher root length of 14.20 cm.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- roote3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 14.20 cme3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher seedling length of 39.83 cm.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 39.83 cme3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher seedling dry weight of 0.16 g.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 0.16 ge3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher vigour index I of 3903.33.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- vigour index Ie3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 3903.33e3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free treatment gave higher vigour index II of 14.96.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- weed freee3
- Interactor
- Weedse7weed
- Outcome
- vigour index IIe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 14.96e3
- Comparator
- weed checke3
- Setting
- zero tillage conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This field experiment was conducted to find out the effective weed management practice in summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under zero tillage condition”
e7“Weeds are primary factors that adversely affect growth, yield and seed quality of summer green gram”
e3“Seed quality parameters like germination per cent (98.00), shoot (25.63 cm) root (14.20 cm) and seedling length (39.83 cm), seedling dry weight (0.16 g), vigour index I (3903.33) and vigour index II (14.96) was higher under weed free followed by Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) and Pendimethalin as (PE followed by one hand weeding 20 DAS over weed check”
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