Abstract
In order to save the Egyption ecosystem from pollution with pesticides, under laboratory conditions . application of potassin (P) , mixed with (N + P + K) , potassium sulphate and potassin (N) at 800 ppm in vitro decreased conidia germination and length of germ tube of Erysiphe cichoracearum . However the least effective treatment was Urea (N) .Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity . Application of (N + P + K), potassin- F , potassium sulphate and calcium supper phosphate resulted the best effects . Disease severity was reduced to 18.14 , 18.95 , 19.78 and 20.96% respectively compared with control 63.65% . Observed results clear The Topase and sulpher micronized fungicide gave the best disease control .Two field experiments were carried out on squash cv . Eskandrani in the two summer season 2003 and 2004 to study the effect of foliar application with Urea 1% , calcium super phosphate 1% , potassium sulphate 1% + potassium sulphate 1% , potassin-N 2.5 ml/l , potassin-F 2.5 cm/l , Topas 0.25 ml/l and sulpher 2.5 gm/l on growth , sex expression , yield , chemical composition and disease severity of powdery mildew of squash plants . The results revealed that , vegetative growth (number of leaves , plant height , fresh and dry weight ) were significantly increased by foliar application with all treatments compared with control .Spraying squash plants with Topase gave the highest values of number of fruits per plant , morever , foliar spray with salpher micronized gave the highest values of fresh and dry weight plants . Average fruit weight , early yield and total were obtained by foliar application squash plants with Urea 1% + calcium super phosphate 1% + potassium sulphate 1% and potassin-N 2.5ml/l . The chemical composition of the leaves revealed that different treatments used significantly increased N , P and K compared with control . In general , it can be stated that foliar application with Urea 1% + calcium super phosphate 1% + potassium sulphate 1% and potassin-N 2.5 ml/l were recommended to raise squash production under the environment condition of this investigation .
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Potassin (P) mixed with N+P+K at 800 ppm decreased Erysiphe cichoracearum conidia germination and germ tube length in vitro.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- potassin (P) , mixed with (N + P + K)e1
- Interactor
- Erysiphe cichoracearum
Golovinomyces cichoracearume1pathogen - Outcome
- conidia germination and length of germ tubee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 800 ppme1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“application of potassin (P) , mixed with (N + P + K) , potassium sulphate and potassin (N) at 800 ppm in vitro decreased conidia germination and length of germ tube of Erysiphe cichoracearum”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium sulphate at 800 ppm decreased Erysiphe cichoracearum conidia germination and germ tube length in vitro.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- potassium sulphatee1
- Interactor
- Erysiphe cichoracearumGolovinomyces cichoracearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- conidia germination and length of germ tubee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 800 ppme1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“application of potassin (P) , mixed with (N + P + K) , potassium sulphate and potassin (N) at 800 ppm in vitro decreased conidia germination and length of germ tube of Erysiphe cichoracearum”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassin (N) at 800 ppm decreased Erysiphe cichoracearum conidia germination and germ tube length in vitro.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- potassin (N)e1
- Interactor
- Erysiphe cichoracearumGolovinomyces cichoracearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- conidia germination and length of germ tubee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 800 ppme1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“application of potassin (P) , mixed with (N + P + K) , potassium sulphate and potassin (N) at 800 ppm in vitro decreased conidia germination and length of germ tube of Erysiphe cichoracearum”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea (N) was the least effective treatment in the in vitro germination test.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e2“However the least effective treatment was Urea (N)”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced squash powdery mildew disease severity under field conditions.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- all tested macroelements as foliar spraye3
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe3pathogen
- Outcome
- powdery mildew disease severitye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Setting
- field conditione3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e3“Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar (N + P + K) reduced squash powdery mildew disease severity to 18.14% compared with control 63.65%.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e3“Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity”
e4“Application of (N + P + K), potassin- F , potassium sulphate and calcium supper phosphate resulted the best effects . Disease severity was reduced to 18.14 , 18.95 , 19.78 and 20.96% respectively compared with control 63.65%”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassin-F reduced squash powdery mildew disease severity to 18.95% compared with control 63.65%.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e3“Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity”
e4“Application of (N + P + K), potassin- F , potassium sulphate and calcium supper phosphate resulted the best effects . Disease severity was reduced to 18.14 , 18.95 , 19.78 and 20.96% respectively compared with control 63.65%”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar potassium sulphate reduced squash powdery mildew disease severity to 19.78% compared with control 63.65%.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e3“Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity”
e4“Application of (N + P + K), potassin- F , potassium sulphate and calcium supper phosphate resulted the best effects . Disease severity was reduced to 18.14 , 18.95 , 19.78 and 20.96% respectively compared with control 63.65%”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar calcium superphosphate reduced squash powdery mildew disease severity to 20.96% compared with control 63.65%.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e3“Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity”
e4“Application of (N + P + K), potassin- F , potassium sulphate and calcium supper phosphate resulted the best effects . Disease severity was reduced to 18.14 , 18.95 , 19.78 and 20.96% respectively compared with control 63.65%”
Claim · model-written summary
Topase and sulpher micronized fungicide gave the best squash powdery mildew disease control.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- Topase and sulpher micronized fungicidee5
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe3pathogen
- Outcome
- disease controle5
- Direction
- beste5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e5“The Topase and sulpher micronized fungicide gave the best disease control”
e3“Under field condition , all tested macroelements as foliar spray reduced powdery mildew disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application with all treatments significantly increased squash number of leaves and plant height compared with control.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e6“vegetative growth (number of leaves , plant height , fresh and dry weight ) were significantly increased by foliar application with all treatments compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application with all treatments significantly increased squash fresh and dry weight compared with control.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e6“vegetative growth (number of leaves , plant height , fresh and dry weight ) were significantly increased by foliar application with all treatments compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying squash with Topase gave the highest number of fruits per plant.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- Spraying squash plants with Topasee7
- Outcome
- number of fruits per plante7
- Direction
- highest valuese7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e7“Spraying squash plants with Topase gave the highest values of number of fruits per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spray with salpher micronized gave the highest squash fresh and dry weight of plants.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- foliar spray with salpher micronizede1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight plantse1
- Direction
- highest valuese1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“foliar spray with salpher micronized gave the highest values of fresh and dry weight plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application with Urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulphate and potassin-N was obtained with the highest average fruit weight, early yield and total yield of squash.
- Taxon
- squasht0
- Treatment
- Urea 1% + calcium super phosphate 1% + potassium sulphate 1% and potassin-N 2.5ml/le1
- Outcome
- Average fruit weight, early yield and totale1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“Average fruit weight , early yield and total were obtained by foliar application squash plants with Urea 1% + calcium super phosphate 1% + potassium sulphate 1% and potassin-N 2.5ml/l”
Claim · model-written summary
Different treatments significantly increased leaf N, P and K of squash compared with control.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“The chemical composition of the leaves revealed that different treatments used significantly increased N , P and K compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application with Urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulphate and potassin-N is recommended to raise squash production under the investigated environment.
Verbatim
t0“SQUASH PLANTS CAUSED BY Erysiphe cichoracearum”
e1“foliar application with Urea 1% + calcium super phosphate 1% + potassium sulphate 1% and potassin-N 2.5 ml/l were recommended to raise squash production under the environment condition of this investigation”
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