Abstract
Transplanting rice appears to pose many problems, including depletion of freshwater reservoirs and competition for labor. Conversely, direct seeding allows us to overcome shortcomings associated with conventional transplanting. Nitrogen is a crucial nutrient needed for plant growth and yield. Therefore, this study was executed to analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil. The experiment comprised various rice cultivars, i.e., Shalimar Rice-1, Shalimar Rice-3, Shalimar Rice-4, and Jhelum, and nitrogen (N) levels, i.e., 0, 90, 120, and 150 kg/ha. Shalimar Rice-4 produced a maximum grain yield (6.39 t/ha), followed by Shalimar Rice-3 and Jhelum). The application of 150 kg N/ha showed maximum values for growth parameters, yield attributing traits, and grain yield (6.68 t/ha); however, it remained at par with 120 kg N/ha. Crop water productivity was highest in Shalimar Rice-4 (0.49 kg/m3), and the same showed a consistent increase with increasing N levels from 0–150 kg/ha, with a comparable value of 0.49 to 0.51 recorded at 120 and 150 kg N/ha. Moreover, the Shalimar Rice-1 variety required the maximum in growing degree days (GDD) and helio-thermal units (HTU) to attain different phenological stages till physiological maturity (131 days). However, the cultivar Shalimar rice-4 (SR-4) performed better by registering significantly higher heat use efficiency (HUE) (4.44 kg/ha °C/day). Additionally, the highest net return and the benefit-cost ratio were registered by Shalimar Rice-4. B:C ratio of 1.75 was realized from application of 150 kg N/ha, which remained very close to that achieved with 120 kg N/ha. In conclusion, the rice cultivar Shalimar Rice-4 with the application of 120 kg N/ha could boost rice production under DSR in water-scarce regions of temperate northern India.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Shalimar Rice-4 gave the maximum grain yield (6.39 t/ha) among the cultivars.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- Shalimar Rice-4e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 6.39 t/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e1“Shalimar Rice-4 produced a maximum grain yield (6.39 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 150 kg N/ha gave the maximum grain yield (6.68 t/ha).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- application of 150 kg N/hae2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 6.68 t/hae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e2“The application of 150 kg N/ha showed maximum values for growth parameters, yield attributing traits, and grain yield (6.68 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 150 kg N/ha gave the maximum values for growth parameters and yield attributing traits.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- application of 150 kg N/hae2
- Outcome
- growth parameters, yield attributing traitse2
- Direction
- maximume2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e2“The application of 150 kg N/ha showed maximum values for growth parameters, yield attributing traits, and grain yield (6.68 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield at 150 kg N/ha remained at par with that at 120 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- application of 150 kg N/hae2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- remained at pare3
- Comparator
- 120 kg N/hae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e2“The application of 150 kg N/ha showed maximum values for growth parameters, yield attributing traits, and grain yield (6.68 t/ha)”
e3“however, it remained at par with 120 kg N/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop water productivity was highest in Shalimar Rice-4 (0.49 kg/m3).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Shalimar Rice-4e4
- Outcome
- Crop water productivitye4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 0.49 kg/m3e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e4“Crop water productivity was highest in Shalimar Rice-4 (0.49 kg/m3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop water productivity increased consistently with increasing N levels from 0 to 150 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- increasing N levels from 0–150 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- Crop water productivitye4
- Direction
- consistent increasee5
- Qualifier
- comparable value of 0.49 to 0.51 recorded at 120 and 150 kg N/hae5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e4“Crop water productivity was highest in Shalimar Rice-4 (0.49 kg/m3)”
e5“the same showed a consistent increase with increasing N levels from 0–150 kg/ha, with a comparable value of 0.49 to 0.51 recorded at 120 and 150 kg N/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Shalimar Rice-1 required the maximum growing degree days and helio-thermal units to reach physiological maturity at 131 days.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Shalimar Rice-1e6
- Outcome
- growing degree days (GDD) and helio-thermal units (HTU)e6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 131 dayse6
- Qualifier
- to attain different phenological stages till physiological maturitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e6“the Shalimar Rice-1 variety required the maximum in growing degree days (GDD) and helio-thermal units (HTU) to attain different phenological stages till physiological maturity (131 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shalimar rice-4 (SR-4) had significantly higher heat use efficiency (4.44 kg/ha °C/day).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Shalimar rice-4 (SR-4)e7
- Outcome
- heat use efficiency (HUE)e7
- Direction
- highere7
- Value
- 4.44 kg/ha °C/daye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e7“the cultivar Shalimar rice-4 (SR-4) performed better by registering significantly higher heat use efficiency (HUE) (4.44 kg/ha °C/day)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shalimar Rice-4 registered the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Shalimar Rice-4e1
- Outcome
- net return and the benefit-cost ratioe1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e1“the highest net return and the benefit-cost ratio were registered by Shalimar Rice-4”
Claim · model-written summary
Benefit-cost ratio of 1.75 at 150 kg N/ha is very close to that at 120 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- application of 150 kg N/hae1
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- very close toe1
- Value
- 1.75e1
- Comparator
- 120 kg N/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“analyze the influence of nitrogen on the performance of rice genotypes grown by direct seeding in wet soil”
e1“B:C ratio of 1.75 was realized from application of 150 kg N/ha, which remained very close to that achieved with 120 kg N/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Shalimar Rice-4 with 120 kg N/ha could boost rice production under direct seeding in water-scarce temperate northern India.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Shalimar Rice-4e0
- Treatment
- application of 120 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- boost rice productione0
- Setting
- temperate northern Indiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the rice cultivar Shalimar Rice-4 with the application of 120 kg N/ha could boost rice production under DSR in water-scarce regions of temperate northern India”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
241 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1,803 reporting no difference from an alternative
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