Abstract
Root rot of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. radiata] is major disease and claims huge yield loss if they occur in the field. The pathogen is basically soil borne and survivability may vary depends on soil condition. The fungicide chemicals are available to manage the disease; however, the biocontrol agents are nowadays available for the disease management and the microbial activity of the biocontrol agents is influenced by existing soil condition including soil pH. Hence, a study was conducted to find out the halo tolerance capacity of the biocontrol agents against root rot disease in salt affected soils under in vitro, in vivo and field condition. The root rot pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina was isolated from infected root. Efficacy of biocontrol agents against growth of M. phaseolina was assessed in vitro. The results revealed that TNAU strain of Bacillus subtilis reduced the mycelial growth of the M. phaseolina significantly when media supplemented with NaCl at 5% (1.4 cm), 7.5% (1.5 cm), 10% (1.6cm) and 12.5% (1.6 cm) and without NaCl (1.2 cm) and similar trend of reduction also expressed by BCA1 strain of B. subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride under in vitro. The performance of the biocontrol agents against the pathogen is slightly reduced when media supplemented with NaCl. The reduction of mycelia weight of M.phaeolina was more in media added with TNAU strain of B.subtilis and the performance of TNAU strain of B.subtilis on reduction of mycelial weight of M.phaseolina is reduced when the broth added with NaCl at 5% (3.15g), 7.5% (3.25g), 10% (3.32g) and 12.5%(3.65g) level and which is followed by P. fluorescens, BCA 1 strain of B. subtilis and Trichoderma viride. Under pot culture conditions, the effect of talc formulated biocontrol agents and challenge inoculation with pathogen was assessed against root rot incidence. It was found that the soil application of TNAU strain of B.subtilis performed better in reducing the root rot incidence at pH of 7.0 (2.37%), 7.5 (4.50%), 8.0 (5.53%) and 8.7 (6.57%) and followed by BCA 1 of B.subtilis in all pH level. Among the biocontrol agents, TNAU strain of B.subtilis applied as seed as well as soil application expressed more population in the rhizosphere in all pH level. The biocontrol agents applied as soil application had more populations of the agents in the soil when compared to seed treatment. The halo tolerance performance of the biocontrol agents was also assessed under field condition in pH of 7.5 and 8.7 during 2019-20 and 2020-21. It was found that the minimum root rot incidence and maximum yield was observed from soil application of TNAU strain of B subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha but the effect is on par with soil application of BCA1 strain of B.subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
TNAU Bacillus subtilis significantly reduced Macrophomina phaseolina mycelial growth across NaCl levels.
- Taxon
- mung bean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- TNAU strain of Bacillus subtilise0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen - Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mycelial growth of the M. phaseolinae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- without NaCle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that TNAU strain of Bacillus subtilis reduced the mycelial growth of the M. phaseolina significantly when media supplemented with NaCl at 5% (1.4 cm), 7.5% (1.5 cm), 10% (1.6cm) and 12.5% (1.6 cm) and without NaCl (1.2 cm)”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl slightly reduced biocontrol agent performance against the pathogen.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- NaCle0
- Interactor
- pathogene0pathogen
- Outcome
- performance of the biocontrol agents against the pathogene0
- Direction
- slightly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The performance of the biocontrol agents against the pathogen is slightly reduced when media supplemented with NaCl.”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
TNAU Bacillus subtilis most reduced M. phaeolina mycelial weight, with poorer performance under NaCl.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- TNAU strain of B.subtilise0
- Interactor
- M.phaeolinae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B.subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelia weight of M.phaeolinae0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction of mycelia weight of M.phaeolina was more in media added with TNAU strain of B.subtilis and the performance of TNAU strain of B.subtilis on reduction of mycelial weight of M.phaseolina is reduced when the broth added with NaCl at 5% (3.15g), 7.5% (3.25g), 10% (3.32g) and 12.5%(3.65g) level”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of TNAU B. subtilis gave the lowest pot root rot incidence across four pH levels.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- soil application of TNAU strain of B.subtilise0
- Interactor
- B.subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root rot incidencee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- BCA 1 of B.subtilise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil application of TNAU strain of B.subtilis performed better in reducing the root rot incidence at pH of 7.0 (2.37%), 7.5 (4.50%), 8.0 (5.53%) and 8.7 (6.57%) and followed by BCA 1 of B.subtilis in all pH level”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed and soil application of TNAU B. subtilis produced greater rhizosphere populations at all pH levels.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- TNAU strain of B.subtilis applied as seed as well as soil applicatione0
- Interactor
- B.subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- population in the rhizospheree0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TNAU strain of B.subtilis applied as seed as well as soil application expressed more population in the rhizosphere in all pH level.”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application yielded more biocontrol agent populations than seed treatment.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- soil applicatione0
- Interactor
- biocontrol agentse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- populations of the agents in the soile0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- seed treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biocontrol agents applied as soil application had more populations of the agents in the soil when compared to seed treatment.”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Field soil application of TNAU B. subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha gave minimum root rot incidence.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- soil application of TNAU strain of B subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- B subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root rot incidencee0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Comparator
- soil application of BCA1 strain of B.subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the minimum root rot incidence and maximum yield was observed from soil application of TNAU strain of B subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha but the effect is on par with soil application of BCA1 strain of B.subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha.”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Field soil application of TNAU B. subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha gave maximum mung bean yield.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- soil application of TNAU strain of B subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- B subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- soil application of BCA1 strain of B.subtilis at 2.5 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the minimum root rot incidence and maximum yield was observed from soil application of TNAU strain of B subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha but the effect is on par with soil application of BCA1 strain of B.subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha.”
t0“Mung Bean”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.