Abstract
The article presents the results of studies on the evaluation of legume precursors (soybeans, peas, lupin, chickpeas), methods of primary tillage, and plant protection during spring wheat cultivation in the conditions of chernozem soils of the Middle Volga region. Studies have shown that the studied precursors had different growing season duration and water consumption, which provided different water regimes and accumulation of productive moisture in the soil and ultimately affected the productivity of spring wheat. The accumulation of productive moisture in the soil occurs mainly in the autumn, winter, and spring periods; after harvesting peas, no more than 19% of precipitation (28–33 mm) accumulated after harvesting soybeans,lupine, and chickpeas – 29–39% (29–39 mm) until the time of a steady transition of air temperature below 5оC. According to the yield level of spring wheat, the researchers arranged the studied precursors in the following row: after peas – 3,80 t/ha > after chickpeas and lupine – 3,49–3,50 t/ha > after soybeans – 3,45 t/ha. There was an increase in the yield of spring wheat for combined tillage in crop rotation (for the studied crop – soil disking by 10–12 cm + plowing by 20–22 cm) in comparison with minimal tillage by 0,52 t/ha or by 15,6%, and on adaptiveintegrated plant protection by 0,36 t/ha or 10,6% in comparison with the level of standard technologies.The effect of the studied factors on the formation of yield was as follows: tillage – 40,7% > plant protection – 25,3% > precursors – 19,1%. The mentioned variants also increased the quality of spring wheat grain.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Peas preceded the highest spring wheat yield, 3,80 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- after pease0
- Outcome
- yield levele1
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 3,80 t/hae0
- Comparator
- after soybeanse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after peas – 3,80 t/ha > after chickpeas and lupine – 3,49–3,50 t/ha > after soybeans – 3,45 t/ha”
t0“spring wheat”
e1“yield level”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpeas and lupine preceded spring wheat yields of 3,49–3,50 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- after chickpeas and lupinee0
- Outcome
- yield levele1
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 3,49–3,50 t/hae0
- Comparator
- after soybeanse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after peas – 3,80 t/ha > after chickpeas and lupine – 3,49–3,50 t/ha > after soybeans – 3,45 t/ha”
t0“spring wheat”
e1“yield level”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybeans preceded spring wheat yield of 3,45 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yield levele1
- Value
- 3,45 t/hae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after soybeans – 3,45 t/ha”
t0“spring wheat”
e1“yield level”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined tillage increased spring wheat yield by 0,52 t/ha or 15,6% versus minimal tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combined tillagee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0,52 t/ha or by 15,6%e0
- Comparator
- minimal tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in the yield of spring wheat for combined tillage in crop rotation (for the studied crop – soil disking by 10–12 cm + plowing by 20–22 cm) in comparison with minimal tillage by 0,52 t/ha or by 15,6%”
Claim · model-written summary
Adaptive integrated protection increased yield by 0,36 t/ha or 10,6% versus standard technologies.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- adaptiveintegrated plant protectione0
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- 0,36 t/ha or 10,6%e0
- Comparator
- standard technologiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adaptiveintegrated plant protection by 0,36 t/ha or 10,6% in comparison with the level of standard technologies”
e2“increase in the yield of spring wheat”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage accounted for 40,7% of yield formation.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- formation of yielde1
- Value
- 40,7%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tillage – 40,7% > plant protection – 25,3% > precursors – 19,1%”
t0“spring wheat”
e1“formation of yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant protection accounted for 25,3% of yield formation.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant protectione0
- Outcome
- formation of yielde1
- Value
- 25,3%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tillage – 40,7% > plant protection – 25,3% > precursors – 19,1%”
t0“spring wheat”
e1“formation of yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Precursors accounted for 19,1% of yield formation.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- precursorse0
- Outcome
- formation of yielde1
- Value
- 19,1%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tillage – 40,7% > plant protection – 25,3% > precursors – 19,1%”
t0“spring wheat”
e1“formation of yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The studied variants increased spring wheat grain quality.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mentioned variantse0
- Outcome
- quality of spring wheat graine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mentioned variants also increased the quality of spring wheat grain”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 257 in the opposite direction · 41 reporting no difference from an alternative
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