Abstract
This research was carried out to study the effect of nitrogen rate application (0, 120, 240 and 360 kg Nitrogen ha-1) and nitrogen timing on grain yield, yield components, grain quality and protein banding pattern in different growth stages of wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009. Results indicate that the highest value for grain yield was obtained at 240 kg N ha−1 when it was applied through vegetative growth stages (8230 kg ha-1). Yield components were significantly increased with enhancing the level of nitrogen with no significant difference between 240 and 360 kg N ha-1. Results show that no N application at tillering stage decreased spikes number/m2 and seeds spike-1, and the minimum value of 1000 grain weight was observed when we remove N application in grain filling period. Leaf protein did not influenced by N treatments. However, the sharpness of a band with molecular weigh about 51 kDa, related to Rubisco enzyme, was increased in some treatments. Furthermore, 240 kg N ha-1 application in all timing treatments resulted in maximum seed protein content (5.5 mg protein g -1 grain). At the same time, seed water soluble proteins, Albumin and Globulin, showed no polymorphism. While different N rate treatments had no significant effect on seed gluten content, no N application in grain filling period declined it significantly. All in all, obtaining high wheat grain yield beside a suitable bakery quality are possible in a proper farming management system without environmental impact of N over application. These goals may be achieved with sufficient N application during vegetative growth for yield and late season N application for protein quality.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat grain yield was highest at 240 kg N ha−1 applied through vegetative growth stages, at 8230 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Shiraz cultivare0
- Treatment
- 240 kg N ha−1e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 8230 kg ha-1e1
- Setting
- research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgahe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e1“the highest value for grain yield was obtained at 240 kg N ha−1 when it was applied through vegetative growth stages (8230 kg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield components were significantly increased with enhancing the level of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- enhancing the level of nitrogene2
- Outcome
- Yield componentse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e2“Yield components were significantly increased with enhancing the level of nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield components did not differ significantly between 240 and 360 kg N ha-1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 240 and 360 kg N ha-1e3
- Outcome
- Yield componentse3
- Direction
- no significant differencee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e3“Yield components were significantly increased with enhancing the level of nitrogen with no significant difference between 240 and 360 kg N ha-1”
Claim · model-written summary
No N application at tillering stage decreased spikes number per m2 and seeds per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- tillering stagee4
- Treatment
- no N application at tillering stagee4
- Outcome
- spikes number/m2 and seeds spike-1e4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e4“no N application at tillering stage decreased spikes number/m2 and seeds spike-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing N application in the grain filling period gave the minimum 1000 grain weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- grain filling periode5
- Treatment
- remove N application in grain filling periode5
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte5
- Direction
- minimum valuee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e5“the minimum value of 1000 grain weight was observed when we remove N application in grain filling period”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf protein was not influenced by N treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N treatmentse6
- Outcome
- Leaf proteine6
- Direction
- did not influencede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e6“Leaf protein did not influenced by N treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The sharpness of a band of about 51 kDa, related to Rubisco enzyme, was increased in some N treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- some treatmentse7
- Gene
- Rubisco enzymee7
- Outcome
- the sharpness of a band with molecular weigh about 51 kDae7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e7“the sharpness of a band with molecular weigh about 51 kDa, related to Rubisco enzyme, was increased in some treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The 240 kg N ha-1 application in all timing treatments gave the maximum seed protein content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 240 kg N ha-1 application in all timing treatmentse1
- Outcome
- seed protein contente1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 5.5 mg protein g -1 graine1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e1“240 kg N ha-1 application in all timing treatments resulted in maximum seed protein content (5.5 mg protein g -1 grain)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed water soluble proteins, albumin and globulin, showed no polymorphism in wheat seed.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- seede1
- Gene
- Albumin and Globuline1
- Outcome
- polymorphisme1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e1“seed water soluble proteins, Albumin and Globulin, showed no polymorphism”
Claim · model-written summary
Different N rate treatments had no significant effect on seed gluten content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- different N rate treatmentse2
- Outcome
- seed gluten contente2
- Direction
- no significant effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e2“different N rate treatments had no significant effect on seed gluten content”
Claim · model-written summary
No N application in the grain filling period significantly declined seed gluten content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- no N application in grain filling periode3
- Outcome
- seed gluten contente3
- Direction
- declinede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e3“no significant effect on seed gluten content, no N application in grain filling period declined it significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Sufficient N application during vegetative growth is recommended for yield in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sufficient N application during vegetative growthe4
- Outcome
- yielde4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e4“sufficient N application during vegetative growth for yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Late season N application is recommended for protein quality in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- late season N applicatione5
- Outcome
- protein qualitye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat (Shiraz cultivar) which was grown at research station of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University at Bajgah in the 2008-2009”
e5“late season N application for protein quality”
Claim · model-written summary
High wheat grain yield with suitable bakery quality is possible in a proper farming system without environmental impact of N over application.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Treatment
- proper farming management systeme6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“obtaining high wheat grain yield beside a suitable bakery quality are possible in a proper farming management system without environmental impact of N over application”
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