Abstract
To evaluate the effect of planting method (PM), planting date (PD), and cultivar (CV) on the yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), and grain quality of maize, a two-year field study was conducted during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. The experiment was arranged as split-plot factorial with three PD, including PD1 (July 1st), PD2 (July 11th), and PD3 (July 23rd) as main plots. Three PM including direct seeding (DS), seed hydropriming (HP), and transplanting (TP) were factorially combined with two maize cultivars (SC704 and SC260), as sub-plots. The highest herbage and grain yield (76685 and 7369 kg ha-1, respectively), and the maximum IWUE for herbage and grain production (13.1 and 1.21 kg.m-3, respectively) were found in the TP. The CV SC704 obtained higher grain yield (GY) on PD1 compared with SC260, but as planting was delayed the GY of SC704 affected more negatively in both years. Delay planting enhanced IWUEH, however, IWUEG decreased when planting was delayed. The highest IWUEG was obtained from TP on each PD. The CV SC260 in delay planting resulted in better IWUEG in both years. The highest and lowest contents of crude protein, starch, ash, crude fiber, and fat were obtained from hydro-primed and transplanted maize, respectively. In conclusion, the yield in the transplanting method had superiority over DS and HP. Also, HP was found to be the optimal PM in terms of enhancing qualitative parameters of grain maize in delayed planting. Furthermore, selecting SC260 as a high-yielding hybrid on delayed planting is suggested.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting produced the highest herbage (76685).
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest herbage and grain yield (76685 and 7369 kg ha-1, respectively), and the maximum IWUE for herbage and grain production (13.1 and 1.21 kg.m-3, respectively) were found in the TP.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting produced the highest grain yield (7369 kg ha-1).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest herbage and grain yield (76685 and 7369 kg ha-1, respectively), and the maximum IWUE for herbage and grain production (13.1 and 1.21 kg.m-3, respectively) were found in the TP.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting produced the highest IWUE for herbage (13.1).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest herbage and grain yield (76685 and 7369 kg ha-1, respectively), and the maximum IWUE for herbage and grain production (13.1 and 1.21 kg.m-3, respectively) were found in the TP.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting produced the highest grain production (1.21 kg.m-3).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest herbage and grain yield (76685 and 7369 kg ha-1, respectively), and the maximum IWUE for herbage and grain production (13.1 and 1.21 kg.m-3, respectively) were found in the TP.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
SC704 had higher grain yield than SC260 on PD1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CV SC704 obtained higher grain yield (GY) on PD1 compared with SC260, but as planting was delayed the GY of SC704 affected more negatively in both years.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed planting affected SC704 grain yield more negatively in both years.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CV SC704 obtained higher grain yield (GY) on PD1 compared with SC260, but as planting was delayed the GY of SC704 affected more negatively in both years.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed planting enhanced IWUEH.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Delay planting enhanced IWUEH, however, IWUEG decreased when planting was delayed.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed planting decreased IWUEG.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Delay planting enhanced IWUEH, however, IWUEG decreased when planting was delayed.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting gave the highest IWUEG on each planting date.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest IWUEG was obtained from TP on each PD.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
SC260 under delayed planting gave better IWUEG in both years.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CV SC260 in delay planting resulted in better IWUEG in both years.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydroprimed maize had the highest contents of crude protein, starch, ash.
- Treatment
- hydro-primede0
- Outcome
- crude protein, starch, ashe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- transplantede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest and lowest contents of crude protein, starch, ash, crude fiber, and fat were obtained from hydro-primed and transplanted maize, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted maize had the lowest contents of crude protein, starch, ash.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest and lowest contents of crude protein, starch, ash, crude fiber, and fat were obtained from hydro-primed and transplanted maize, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydroprimed maize had the highest contents of crude fiber, and fat.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest and lowest contents of crude protein, starch, ash, crude fiber, and fat were obtained from hydro-primed and transplanted maize, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted maize had the lowest contents of crude fiber, and fat.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest and lowest contents of crude protein, starch, ash, crude fiber, and fat were obtained from hydro-primed and transplanted maize, respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting yield was superior to direct seeding and hydropriming.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In conclusion, the yield in the transplanting method had superiority over DS and HP.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydropriming was optimal for grain quality under delayed planting.
- Treatment
- HPe0
- Outcome
- optimal PM in terms of enhancing qualitative parameters of grain maizee0
- Qualifier
- delayed plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HP was found to be the optimal PM in terms of enhancing qualitative parameters of grain maize in delayed planting.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest SC260 for delayed planting.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selecting SC260 as a high-yielding hybrid on delayed planting is suggested.”
t0“maize”
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