Abstract
Mungbean production is affected by a fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. A pot experiment was carried out to check the effect of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) dry biomass on the histopathological features of mungbean exposed to M. phaseolina. For this, 1%, 2% and 3% (wt/wt) of C. quinoa dry biomass was mixed in the soil inoculated with M. phaseolina. The highest disease incidence (36%) was recorded in the positive control (only M. phaseolina). Different treatments of quinoa dry mass reduced disease incidence to 4-7%. After 4 weeks of germination, stem and root sections were stained in phloroglucinol-HCl, ferric chloride and Lugol's iodine stains for the detection of lignin, polyphenols and starch granules, respectively, and studied under light microscope. Plants of positive control showed damaged cells, and heavy deposition of lignin, phenolics and starch granules as compared to plants of the negative control and those grown in the soil amended with different doses of dry biomass of quinoa. For better understanding, plant root and stem sections were studied under a scanning electron microscope. Plant sections from positive control exhibited the presence of M. phaseolina sclerotial bodies and hyphal growth, whereas in negative control normal cell structures were observed. However, C. quinoa amended stem and root sections revealed the presence of high gel deposition with normal cell structures and no pathogen establishment. This study concludes that application of C. quinoa is an effective and natural remedy to activate the resistance mechanism in plants and to combat the adverse effects of M. phaseolina. HIGHLIGHTS: Macrophomina phaseolina causes charcoal rot in mungbean. Chenopodium quinoa amendment significantly reduced incidence of charcoal rot disease. M. phaeolina increased concentrations of polyphenols, lignin and starch granules in mungbean.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Macrophomina-only control had the highest mungbean disease incidence of 36%.
- Taxon
- mungbean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- M. phaseolinae0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 36%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The highest disease incidence (36%) was recorded in the positive control (only M. phaseolina).”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Quinoa dry mass treatments reduced mungbean disease incidence to 4-7%.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- quinoa dry masse0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 4-7%e0
- Comparator
- M. phaseolinae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different treatments of quinoa dry mass reduced disease incidence to 4-7%.”
e1“For this, 1%, 2% and 3% (wt/wt) of C. quinoa dry biomass was mixed in the soil inoculated with M. phaseolina.”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen-only mungbean controls had damaged cells compared with negative controls and quinoa biomass treatments.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- positive controle0
- Outcome
- damaged cellse0
- Comparator
- negative controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of positive control showed damaged cells, and heavy deposition of lignin, phenolics and starch granules as compared to plants of the negative control and those grown in the soil amended with different doses of dry biomass of quinoa.”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen-only mungbean controls had heavier lignin, phenolic, and starch granule deposition than negative controls and quinoa treatments.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- deposition of lignin, phenolics and starch granulese0
- Direction
- heavye0
- Comparator
- negative controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of positive control showed damaged cells, and heavy deposition of lignin, phenolics and starch granules as compared to plants of the negative control and those grown in the soil amended with different doses of dry biomass of quinoa.”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Macrophomina sclerotia and hyphae were present in mungbean positive-control root and stem sections.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Organ / stage
- root and steme1
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Outcome
- presence of M. phaseolina sclerotial bodies and hyphal growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant sections from positive control exhibited the presence of M. phaseolina sclerotial bodies and hyphal growth”
e1“plant root and stem sections”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Negative-control mungbean sections showed normal cell structures.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- normal cell structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in negative control normal cell structures were observed”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Quinoa-amended mungbean stems and roots showed high gel deposition with normal cells and no pathogen establishment.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Organ / stage
- stem and roote0
- Treatment
- C. quinoae0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae1pathogen
- Outcome
- high gel deposition with normal cell structures and no pathogen establishmente0
- Comparator
- positive controle1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. quinoa amended stem and root sections revealed the presence of high gel deposition with normal cell structures and no pathogen establishment.”
e1“Plant sections from positive control exhibited the presence of M. phaseolina sclerotial bodies and hyphal growth”
t0“mungbean”
The same questions in other papers
Chenopodium quinoa · Macrophomina phaseolina · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.