Abstract
Waterlogging (W-B) is a major abiotic stress during the growth cycle of maize production in Huang-huai-hai plain of China, threatening food security. A wide range of studies suggests that the application of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) can mitigate the W-B effects on crops. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. In this study, the application of 6-BA that effectively increased the yield of summer maize was confirmed to be related to the hormone and sugar metabolism. At the florets differentiation stage, application of 6-BA increased the content of trans-zeatin (TZ, + 59.3%) and salicylic acid (SA, + 285.5%) of ears to induce the activity of invertase, thus establishing sink strength. During the phase of sexual organ formation, the TZ content of ear leaves, spike nodes, and ears was increased by 24.2, 64.2, and 46.1%, respectively, in W-B treatment, compared with that of W. Accordingly, the sugar metabolism of summer maize was also improved. Therefore, the structure of the spike node was improved, promoting the translocation of carbon assimilations toward the ears and the development of ears and filaments. Thus the number of fertilized florets, grain number, and yield were increased by the application of 6-BA.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 6-BA at the florets differentiation stage increased the trans-zeatin content of ears by 59.3%.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e1“At the florets differentiation stage, application of 6-BA increased the content of trans-zeatin (TZ, + 59.3%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 6-BA at the florets differentiation stage increased the salicylic acid content of ears by 285.5%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e1“At the florets differentiation stage, application of 6-BA increased the content of trans-zeatin (TZ, + 59.3%)”
e2“salicylic acid (SA, + 285.5%) of ears”
Claim · model-written summary
In waterlogging with 6-BA, the TZ content of ear leaves was 24.2% higher than under waterlogging alone.
- Organ / stage
- ear leavese3
- Treatment
- W-B treatmente3
- Outcome
- TZ contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 24.2e3
- Comparator
- We3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e3“the TZ content of ear leaves, spike nodes, and ears was increased by 24.2, 64.2, and 46.1%, respectively, in W-B treatment, compared with that of W”
Claim · model-written summary
In waterlogging with 6-BA, the TZ content of spike nodes was 64.2% higher than under waterlogging alone.
- Organ / stage
- spike nodese3
- Treatment
- W-B treatmente3
- Outcome
- TZ contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 64.2e3
- Comparator
- We3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e3“the TZ content of ear leaves, spike nodes, and ears was increased by 24.2, 64.2, and 46.1%, respectively, in W-B treatment, compared with that of W”
Claim · model-written summary
In waterlogging with 6-BA, the TZ content of ears was 46.1% higher than under waterlogging alone.
- Organ / stage
- earse3
- Treatment
- W-B treatmente3
- Outcome
- TZ contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 46.1e3
- Comparator
- We3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e3“the TZ content of ear leaves, spike nodes, and ears was increased by 24.2, 64.2, and 46.1%, respectively, in W-B treatment, compared with that of W”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 6-BA improved sugar metabolism in summer maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e4“Accordingly, the sugar metabolism of summer maize was also improved”
e1“At the florets differentiation stage, application of 6-BA increased the content of trans-zeatin (TZ, + 59.3%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved spike node structure promotes translocation of carbon assimilations toward the ears.
- Outcome
- translocation of carbon assimilations toward the earse5
- Qualifier
- the structure of the spike node was improvede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e5“the structure of the spike node was improved, promoting the translocation of carbon assimilations toward the ears”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 6-BA increased the number of fertilized florets, grain number and yield of summer maize.
- Treatment
- application of 6-BAe6
- Outcome
- the number of fertilized florets, grain number, and yielde6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e6“the number of fertilized florets, grain number, and yield were increased by the application of 6-BA”
Claim · model-written summary
The 6-BA effect on summer maize yield is related to hormone and sugar metabolism.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Waterlogged Summer Maize”
e7“the application of 6-BA that effectively increased the yield of summer maize was confirmed to be related to the hormone and sugar metabolism”
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