Abstract
FIELD experiment compared five tillage practices, wide raised beds (WRB), narrow raised beds (NRB) both after soil plowing, no-tillage with beds (NTRB), no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) through two cropping systems, the sole corn (Zea mays L.) and sole soybean (Glaycine max (L.) Merr.) and the intercropping of corn and soybean on irrigation water economy, soil physical and chemical properties and yield and yield attributes were done. Soil sustainability was quantifying for each tillage system using rating index. The results generally showed that raised beds tillage reduced the applied amounts of irrigation water and increased irrigation water productivity compared to conventional and no-tillage under the two cropping systems. Width of the beds has a significant effect on soil properties and yield and its attributes. Wide beds (WRB) improved soil properties (reduced the bulk density, increased porosity and available water content of the soil) which increased yield and its attributes of the two cropping systems followed by narrow raised bed system as compared to the other tillage systems. Significant difference between wide raised bed tillage and conventional tillage was found for the studied parameters. The sustainability index indicated that wide raised bed tillage was highly sustainable tillage system, whereas, the other studied tillage systems had less sustainability.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds reduced applied irrigation water compared with conventional and no-tillage under both cropping systems.
- Treatment
- raised beds tillagee0
- Outcome
- applied amounts of irrigation watere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- conventional and no-tillagee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“raised beds tillage reduced the applied amounts of irrigation water and increased irrigation water productivity compared to conventional and no-tillage under the two cropping systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds increased irrigation water productivity relative to conventional and no-tillage.
- Treatment
- raised beds tillagee0
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- conventional and no-tillagee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“raised beds tillage reduced the applied amounts of irrigation water and increased irrigation water productivity compared to conventional and no-tillage under the two cropping systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed width significantly affected soil properties.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Width of the beds has a significant effect on soil properties and yield and its attributes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed width significantly affected corn yield and its attributes.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- Width of the bedse0
- Outcome
- yield and its attributese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Width of the beds has a significant effect on soil properties and yield and its attributes.”
e1“corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed width significantly affected soybean yield and its attributes.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Width of the bedse0
- Outcome
- yield and its attributese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Width of the beds has a significant effect on soil properties and yield and its attributes.”
e1“soybean (Glaycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide beds reduced soil bulk density relative to other tillage systems.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Wide beds (WRB) improved soil properties (reduced the bulk density, increased porosity and available water content of the soil) which increased yield and its attributes of the two cropping systems followed by narrow raised bed system as compared to the other tillage systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide beds increased soil porosity and available water content relative to other tillage systems.
- Treatment
- Wide beds (WRB)e0
- Outcome
- porosity and available water content of the soile0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- other tillage systemse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Wide beds (WRB) improved soil properties (reduced the bulk density, increased porosity and available water content of the soil) which increased yield and its attributes of the two cropping systems followed by narrow raised bed system as compared to the other tillage systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide beds increased corn yield and attributes, followed by narrow raised beds, compared with other tillage systems.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Wide beds (WRB)e0
- Outcome
- yield and its attributese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- followed by narrow raised bed systeme0
- Comparator
- other tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wide beds (WRB) improved soil properties (reduced the bulk density, increased porosity and available water content of the soil) which increased yield and its attributes of the two cropping systems followed by narrow raised bed system as compared to the other tillage systems.”
e1“corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide beds increased soybean yield and attributes, followed by narrow raised beds, compared with other tillage systems.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Wide beds (WRB)e0
- Outcome
- yield and its attributese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- followed by narrow raised bed systeme0
- Comparator
- other tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wide beds (WRB) improved soil properties (reduced the bulk density, increased porosity and available water content of the soil) which increased yield and its attributes of the two cropping systems followed by narrow raised bed system as compared to the other tillage systems.”
e1“soybean (Glaycine max (L.) Merr.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide raised beds differed significantly from conventional tillage for studied parameters.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Significant difference between wide raised bed tillage and conventional tillage was found for the studied parameters.”
Claim · model-written summary
The sustainability index indicated high sustainability of wide raised beds and lower sustainability of other systems.
- Treatment
- wide raised bed tillagee0
- Outcome
- sustainabilitye0
- Direction
- highly sustainablee0
- Comparator
- other studied tillage systemse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The sustainability index indicated that wide raised bed tillage was highly sustainable tillage system, whereas, the other studied tillage systems had less sustainability.”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
263 papers in the same direction as this paper · 100 in the opposite direction · 26 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 390 papers →tillage · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
811 papers in the same direction as this paper · 230 in the opposite direction · 57 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
1,095 papers more in this group
See all 1,099 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.