Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important foreign exchange earner for India. The farmers generally plant garlic by manual method, which is labour intensive and time consuming. A tractor-operated garlic clove planter was developed and evaluated for its performance in the field. The average wheel slip, draft and average depth of seed placement by the developed planter were 6.93 %, 289.83 kg, and 42.1 mm, respectively. The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests. The effective field capacity and field efficiency of the developed planter were 0.33 ha.h-1 and 80.33; 0.32 ha.h-1 and 79.02 %, respectively, for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic seeds. The cost of planting by the developed planter with operational cost of tractor was ` 553.63 per hour (` 1677.67 per ha), and was less as compared to available planting machineries for garlic.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
The planter had 6.93 % average wheel slip.
- Taxon
- Garlic
Allium sativumt0 - Outcome
- wheel slipe0
- Value
- 6.93 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average wheel slip, draft and average depth of seed placement by the developed planter were 6.93 %, 289.83 kg, and 42.1 mm, respectively.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
The planter draft was 289.83 kg.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- drafte0
- Value
- 289.83 kge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average wheel slip, draft and average depth of seed placement by the developed planter were 6.93 %, 289.83 kg, and 42.1 mm, respectively.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Average garlic seed placement depth was 42.1 mm.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- average depth of seed placemente0
- Value
- 42.1 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average wheel slip, draft and average depth of seed placement by the developed planter were 6.93 %, 289.83 kg, and 42.1 mm, respectively.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-4 planter seed spacing was 99.4 mm.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- seed spacinge0
- Value
- 99.4 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-4 planter miss index was 6.12 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- miss indexe0
- Value
- 6.12 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-4 multiple index was 7.91 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- multiple indexe0
- Value
- 7.91 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-4 quality of feed index was 85.96 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- quality of feed indexe0
- Value
- 85.96 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-4 seed rate was 377 kg.ha-1.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- seed ratee0
- Value
- 377 kg.ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-4 seed metering efficiency was 96.35 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- seed metering efficiencye0
- Value
- 96.35 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-5 seed spacing was 99.9 mm.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- seed spacinge0
- Value
- 99.9 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-5 miss index was 4.58 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- miss indexe0
- Value
- 4.58 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-5 multiple index was 6.07 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- multiple indexe0
- Value
- 6.07 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-5 quality of feed index was 89.34 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- quality of feed indexe0
- Value
- 89.34 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-5 seed rate was 443 kg.ha-1.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- seed ratee0
- Value
- 443 kg.ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GG-5 seed metering efficiency was 96.75 %.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- seed metering efficiencye0
- Value
- 96.75 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average seed spacing, miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index, seed rate and seed metering efficiency for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic varieties were 99.4 mm, 6.12 %, 7.91 %, 85.96 %, 377 kg.ha-1; and 96.35 % and 99.9 mm, 4.58 %, 6.07 %, 89.34 %, 443 kg.ha-1, and 96.75 %, respectively during field tests.”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective field capacity was 0.33 ha.h-1 for GG-4.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- effective field capacitye0
- Value
- 0.33 ha.h-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective field capacity and field efficiency of the developed planter were 0.33 ha.h-1 and 80.33; 0.32 ha.h-1 and 79.02 %, respectively, for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field efficiency was reported as 80.33 for GG-4.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-4e0
- Outcome
- field efficiencye0
- Value
- 80.33e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective field capacity and field efficiency of the developed planter were 0.33 ha.h-1 and 80.33; 0.32 ha.h-1 and 79.02 %, respectively, for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective field capacity was 0.32 ha.h-1 for GG-5.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- effective field capacitye0
- Value
- 0.32 ha.h-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective field capacity and field efficiency of the developed planter were 0.33 ha.h-1 and 80.33; 0.32 ha.h-1 and 79.02 %, respectively, for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field efficiency was 79.02 % for GG-5.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- GG-5e0
- Outcome
- field efficiencye0
- Value
- 79.02 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effective field capacity and field efficiency of the developed planter were 0.33 ha.h-1 and 80.33; 0.32 ha.h-1 and 79.02 %, respectively, for GG-4 and GG-5 garlic seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
The developed planter cost less than available garlic planting machinery at 1677.67 per ha.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Outcome
- cost of plantinge0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 1677.67 per hae0
- Comparator
- available planting machineries for garlice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cost of planting by the developed planter with operational cost of tractor was ` 553.63 per hour (` 1677.67 per ha), and was less as compared to available planting machineries for garlic.”