Abstract
1. It is very interested to know the effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees.Satsuma orange trees of 19-and 60-year-old, nearly uniform size, growth, and bearing habit and of medium growth were used. The rootstocks were Poncirus trifoliata.1 or 0.3 per cent solution of KH2PO4 were sprayed from the middle of October to the end of January.The number of flowers, represented as per cent of the number of nodes, increased by the sprays on the harvest time of Satsuma orange in November and December.The more effects were observed on the shoots of weak growth by sprays of KH2PO4 than the shoots of medium growth.From chemical analysis of the shoots sampled in the following January, it was shown that the sprayed shoots contained less nitrogen and much more carbohydrates than the unsprayed shoots.2. The oil-emulsion has been used as the common spray material for the control scales and other insects and mites. However, it has been also found that there are some deleterious effects on the physiology of the orange and flower bud formation by the oil emulsion spray.3. Three per cent of oil emulsion diluted from 60 or 95 per cent of the machine oil was used in the experiment.a) The number of flowers, represented as per cent of the number of the nodes decreased on the shoots of medium and weak growth, which was sprayed on January 15 and February 25. There was no effect on the flower formation by the sprays at the time of the flower differentiation in March.b) Oil emulsion was sprayed over the halves of the main branches of each tree on December 24 and January 24. The lateral shoots developed from the sprayed and non-treated branches were defoliated once a month November to February.The number of flowers on the defoliated and sprayed branches were 8 to 18 per cent less than those of the defoliated and non-treated branches.The number of flowers on the shoots defoliated on November were the least.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
KH2PO4 sprays from October to January increased the number of flowers on Satsuma orange shoots at harvest in November and December.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange
Citrus unshiue0 - Treatment
- KH2PO4e1
- Outcome
- number of flowerse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“1 or 0.3 per cent solution of KH2PO4 were sprayed from the middle of October to the end of January”
e2“The number of flowers, represented as per cent of the number of nodes, increased by the sprays on the harvest time of Satsuma orange in November and December”
Claim · model-written summary
KH2PO4 sprays had more effect on shoots of weak growth than on shoots of medium growth in Satsuma orange.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Organ / stage
- shoots of weak growthe1
- Treatment
- sprays of KH2PO4e1
- Outcome
- effectse1
- Direction
- more effectse1
- Comparator
- shoots of medium growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“The more effects were observed on the shoots of weak growth by sprays of KH2PO4 than the shoots of medium growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprayed Satsuma orange shoots contained less nitrogen than unsprayed shoots.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- sprayede1
- Outcome
- nitrogene1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Comparator
- unsprayed shootse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“the sprayed shoots contained less nitrogen and much more carbohydrates than the unsprayed shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprayed Satsuma orange shoots contained much more carbohydrates than unsprayed shoots.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- sprayede1
- Outcome
- carbohydratese1
- Direction
- much moree1
- Comparator
- unsprayed shootse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“the sprayed shoots contained less nitrogen and much more carbohydrates than the unsprayed shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil emulsion sprays on January 15 and February 25 decreased the number of flowers on medium and weak growth shoots of Satsuma orange.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Organ / stage
- shoots of medium and weak growthe1
- Treatment
- oil emulsione2
- Outcome
- number of flowerse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“The number of flowers, represented as per cent of the number of the nodes decreased on the shoots of medium and weak growth, which was sprayed on January 15 and February 25”
e2“Three per cent of oil emulsion diluted from 60 or 95 per cent of the machine oil was used in the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprays at the time of flower differentiation in March had no effect on flower formation in Satsuma orange.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- sprays at the time of the flower differentiation in Marche1
- Outcome
- flower formatione1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“There was no effect on the flower formation by the sprays at the time of the flower differentiation in March”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil emulsion sprayed on defoliated branches reduced the number of flowers by 8 to 18 per cent compared with defoliated non-treated branches.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- Oil emulsion was sprayed over the halves of the main branchese1
- Outcome
- number of flowerse2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Value
- 8 to 18 per cente2
- Comparator
- defoliated and non-treated branchese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“Oil emulsion was sprayed over the halves of the main branches of each tree on December 24 and January 24”
e2“The number of flowers on the defoliated and sprayed branches were 8 to 18 per cent less than those of the defoliated and non-treated branches”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoots defoliated in November had the fewest flowers in Satsuma orange.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangeCitrus unshiue0
- Treatment
- defoliated on Novembere1
- Outcome
- number of flowers on the shoots defoliated on Novembere1
- Direction
- the leaste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effectiveness of fall and winter sprays of potassium and phosphate on the flower bud formation of Satsuma orange trees”
e1“The number of flowers on the shoots defoliated on November were the least”
The same questions in other papers
application · yield · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.