Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Economic evaluation of the interaction between sowing methods and weed control methods was also assessed. The application sequences of nine herbicides in six treatments included tribenuron-methyl 75% DF (Aonostar 75 DF) followed by fluazifop-p-butyl, 12.5% EC (Fusilade super 12.5% EC) (T1), tribenuron-methyl, 75% WG (Zinostar 75% WG) followed by (Fusilade super) (T2), bromoxynil octaoate, 24% EC (Brominal 24% EC) followed by clodinafop propargyl 2.5% + pinoxaden 2.5% (Traksos 5% EC) (T3), bromoxynil octanoate, 24% EC (Bromo plus 24% EC) followed by clodinafop propargyl 2.5% + pinoxaden 2.5% (Traksos) (T4), florasulam 7.5% + flumetsulam10% (Derby 17.5% SC) 17.5% SC followed by clethodim 12.5% EC (Select super 12.5% EC) (T5) and dicamba, 48% SL (Dimo up 48% SL) followed by (Select super) (T6). The herbicide treatments were compared to hand weeding (twice) (T7) and unweeded control (T8). The obtained results revealed that seed drilling method increased straw, seed, fiber and oil yield in both seasons, compared to broadcasting method. Herbicide treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2, T3 and T4 decreased dry weight of dodder and annual weeds 90 days after application, in both seasons, as compared to unweeded control. The result suggested that seed drilling method combined with the herbicidal treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2 were greatly effective against heavily infestation with dodder and total annual weeds. These practices reflected on greater fiber, oil seed yield and higher economic profit.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Seed drilling increased straw, seed and fiber yield of flax compared with broadcasting in both seasons.
- Taxon
- flax
Linum usitatissimume1 - Treatment
- seed drilling methode2
- Outcome
- straw, seed, fibere2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- broadcasting methode2
- Setting
- field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
e2“The obtained results revealed that seed drilling method increased straw, seed, fiber and oil yield in both seasons, compared to broadcasting method”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed drilling increased oil yield of flax compared with broadcasting in both seasons.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume1
- Treatment
- seed drilling methode2
- Outcome
- oil yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- broadcasting methode2
- Setting
- field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
e2“The obtained results revealed that seed drilling method increased straw, seed, fiber and oil yield in both seasons, compared to broadcasting method”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments decreased the dry weight of dodder 90 days after application compared with the unweeded control, in both seasons.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume1
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2, T3 and T4e3
- Interactor
- dodder (Cuscuta epilinum)
Cuscuta epilinume1parasite - Outcome
- dry weight of doddere3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Qualifier
- 90 days after applicatione3
- Comparator
- unweeded controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
e3“Herbicide treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2, T3 and T4 decreased dry weight of dodder and annual weeds 90 days after application, in both seasons, as compared to unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments decreased the dry weight of annual weeds 90 days after application compared with the unweeded control, in both seasons.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume1
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2, T3 and T4e3
- Interactor
- annual weedse3weed
- Outcome
- dry weighte3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Qualifier
- 90 days after applicatione3
- Comparator
- unweeded controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
e3“Herbicide treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2, T3 and T4 decreased dry weight of dodder and annual weeds 90 days after application, in both seasons, as compared to unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed drilling combined with herbicide treatments T5, T6, T1 and T2 was greatly effective against heavy infestation with dodder and total annual weeds.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume1
- Treatment
- seed drilling method combined with the herbicidal treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2e4
- Interactor
- doddere4parasite
- Second interactor
- annual weedse4weed
- Outcome
- infestation with dodder and total annual weedse4
- Direction
- greatly effectivee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
e4“The result suggested that seed drilling method combined with the herbicidal treatments of T5, T6, T1 and T2 were greatly effective against heavily infestation with dodder and total annual weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The seed drilling and herbicide practices gave higher economic profit.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume1
- Treatment
- These practicese5
- Outcome
- economic profite5
- Direction
- highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons to evaluate the influence of two sowing methods (broadcasting and drilling) and nine herbicides on dodder (Cuscuta epilinum), annual weeds and the productivity of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
e5“These practices reflected on greater fiber, oil seed yield and higher economic profit”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.