Abstract
This paper aims at documenting the proximal, mineral and bioactive components of two wild coastal forage legumes belonging to the genus Canavalia. Canavalia cathartica and C. rosea (Syn.: C. maritima) are frequent on the coastal sand dunes, while another variety of C. cathartica is common in the mangroves of southwestern India. These legumes possess an adequate quantity of proximal components (protein, total lipids, ash, total carbohydrates and calorie). Among a total of 17 elements evaluated in leaf flour, all of them are present in one or the other variety of Canavalia. Sodium content was the highest in all the varietes of Canavalia followed by magnesium, calcium and potassium. Heavy metals like aluminum, cadmium, chromium and nickel were either not present or below detectable levels or in minute quantities. According to NRC-NAS, low Na/P ratio and high Ca/P ratio are desirable to designate a food or feed as suitable for consumption. Accordingly, the Na/P ratio of Canavalia varieties is not desirable as it exceeds 1, while the Ca/P ratio is feasible as it is exceeded 1. Among the 12 components by qualitative analysis of leaf samples using chloroform and methanol extracts, seven components were found in both extracts of all three landraces of Canavalia (phenols, cardiac glycosides. saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and quinone glycosides), while they were devoid of coumarins, steroids and phycocyanins. As the agrobotanical features of coastal Canavalia spp. are desirable, the leaves serves as good pasture during the summer season in the coastal region due to the scarcity of fresh fodder grasses.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The coastal Canavalia legumes contained adequate protein, lipids, ash, carbohydrates and calories.
- Outcome
- adequate quantity of proximal components (protein, total lipids, ash, total carbohydrates and calorie)e0
CanavaliaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These legumes possess an adequate quantity of proximal components (protein, total lipids, ash, total carbohydrates and calorie).”
e1“genus Canavalia”
Claim · model-written summary
All 17 evaluated elements were found in at least one Canavalia variety.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among a total of 17 elements evaluated in leaf flour, all of them are present in one or the other variety of Canavalia.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium was the most abundant element in all Canavalia varieties, followed by magnesium, calcium and potassium.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium content was the highest in all the varietes of Canavalia followed by magnesium, calcium and potassium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum, cadmium, chromium and nickel were absent, undetectable or present in minute quantities.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heavy metals like aluminum, cadmium, chromium and nickel were either not present or below detectable levels or in minute quantities.”
e1“variety of Canavalia”
Claim · model-written summary
The Na/P ratio of Canavalia varieties exceeded 1 and was judged undesirable for consumption.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Na/P ratio of Canavalia varieties is not desirable as it exceeds 1”
Claim · model-written summary
The Ca/P ratio of Canavalia varieties exceeded 1 and was judged feasible for consumption.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Ca/P ratio is feasible as it is exceeded 1”
e1“Canavalia varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven named phytochemical classes occurred in both extracts of all three Canavalia landraces.
- Outcome
- seven components were founde0
- Value
- seven componentse0
- Qualifier
- both extracts of all three landracese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seven components were found in both extracts of all three landraces of Canavalia (phenols, cardiac glycosides. saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and quinone glycosides)”
Claim · model-written summary
The Canavalia leaf extracts lacked coumarins, steroids and phycocyanins.
- Outcome
- devoid of coumarins, steroids and phycocyaninse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they were devoid of coumarins, steroids and phycocyanins”
e1“landraces of Canavalia”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider coastal Canavalia leaves good summer pasture where fresh fodder grasses are scarce.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaves serves as good pasture during the summer season in the coastal region due to the scarcity of fresh fodder grasses.”
e1“coastal Canavalia spp.”