Abstract
Calcium is essential for plants, yet as its mobility is limited, the understanding of the rate of Ca2+ accumulation and deposition in tissues of tubers, as well as the interactions with other critical nutrients prompted this study. To assess the interactions and differential accumulation of micro and macronutrients in the tissues of tubers, Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated and, after the beginning of tuberization, four foliar sprayings (at 8–10 day intervals) with CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1) solutions were performed. It was found that both fertilizers increased Ca accumulation in tubers (mostly in the parenchyma tissues located in the center of the equatorial region). The functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus was not affected until the 3rd application but was somewhat affected when approaching the end of the crop cycle (after the 4th application), although the lower dose of CaCl2 seemed to improve the photochemical use of energy, particularly when compared with the greater dose of Ca(NO3)2. Still, none of these impacts modified tuber height and diameter. Following the increased accumulation of Ca, in the tubers of both varieties, the mean contents of P, K, Na, Fe, and Zn revealed different accumulation patterns. Moreover, accumulation of K, Fe, Mn, and Zn prevailed in the epidermis, displaying a contrasting pattern relative to Ca. Therefore, Ca accumulation revealed a heterogeneous trend in the different regions analyzed, and Ca enrichment of tubers altered the accumulation of other nutrients.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Both CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 foliar sprays increased calcium accumulation in potato tubers, mostly in the parenchyma tissues of the equatorial region.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosume0 - Material
- Agria and Rossie0
- Organ / stage
- tuberse2
- Treatment
- CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1)e1
- Outcome
- Ca accumulatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“four foliar sprayings (at 8–10 day intervals) with CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1) solutions were performed”
e2“both fertilizers increased Ca accumulation in tubers (mostly in the parenchyma tissues located in the center of the equatorial region)”
Claim · model-written summary
The photosynthetic apparatus of potato was not affected by the sprays until the 3rd application.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1)e1
- Outcome
- functioning of the photosynthetic apparatuse3
- Direction
- not affectede3
- Qualifier
- until the 3rd applicatione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“four foliar sprayings (at 8–10 day intervals) with CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1) solutions were performed”
e3“The functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus was not affected until the 3rd application”
Claim · model-written summary
The photosynthetic apparatus of potato was somewhat affected after the 4th spray application, near the end of the crop cycle.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1)e1
- Outcome
- functioning of the photosynthetic apparatuse3
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Qualifier
- after the 4th applicatione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“four foliar sprayings (at 8–10 day intervals) with CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1) solutions were performed”
e3“The functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus was not affected until the 3rd application”
e4“was somewhat affected when approaching the end of the crop cycle (after the 4th application)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower-dose CaCl2 seemed to improve the photochemical use of energy compared with the greater dose of Ca(NO3)2.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- lower dose of CaCl2e5
- Outcome
- photochemical use of energye5
- Direction
- improvee5
- Qualifier
- seemede5
- Comparator
- the greater dose of Ca(NO3)2e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e5“the lower dose of CaCl2 seemed to improve the photochemical use of energy, particularly when compared with the greater dose of Ca(NO3)2”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar calcium sprays did not modify potato tuber height and diameter.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1)e1
- Outcome
- tuber height and diametere6
- Direction
- modifiede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“four foliar sprayings (at 8–10 day intervals) with CaCl2 (3 and 6 kg ha−1) or Ca(NO3)2 (2 and 4 kg ha−1) solutions were performed”
e6“none of these impacts modified tuber height and diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean contents of P, K and Na in potato tubers show different accumulation patterns after calcium sprays.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- mean contents of P, K, Nae7
- Qualifier
- different accumulation patternse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e7“the mean contents of P, K, Na, Fe, and Zn revealed different accumulation patterns”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean contents of Fe and Zn in potato tubers show different accumulation patterns after calcium sprays.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- Fe, and Zne7
- Qualifier
- different accumulation patternse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e7“the mean contents of P, K, Na, Fe, and Zn revealed different accumulation patterns”
Claim · model-written summary
K, Fe and Mn accumulation prevails in the tuber epidermis, in contrast with the pattern of Ca.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- epidermise1
- Outcome
- accumulation of K, Fe, Mne1
- Qualifier
- contrasting pattern relative to Cae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“accumulation of K, Fe, Mn, and Zn prevailed in the epidermis, displaying a contrasting pattern relative to Ca”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn accumulation prevails in the tuber epidermis, in contrast with the pattern of Ca.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- epidermise1
- Outcome
- Zne1
- Qualifier
- contrasting pattern relative to Cae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“accumulation of K, Fe, Mn, and Zn prevailed in the epidermis, displaying a contrasting pattern relative to Ca”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca accumulation in tubers shows a heterogeneous trend across the regions analyzed.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- Ca accumulatione1
- Qualifier
- heterogeneous trend in the different regions analyzede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“Therefore, Ca accumulation revealed a heterogeneous trend in the different regions analyzed”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium enrichment of tubers alters the accumulation of other nutrients.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- accumulation of other nutrientse1
- Qualifier
- Ca enrichment of tubers alterede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solanum tuberosum L. varieties Agria and Rossi were cultivated”
e1“Ca enrichment of tubers altered the accumulation of other nutrients”
The same questions in other papers
calcium chloride dihydrate · growth · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
calcium chloride dihydrate · nutrient: content · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.