Abstract
In this study, we focused on overcoming germination inability in wild castor bean by treatment with different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) and potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ). The caruncle of mature seeds of wild castor bean, collected from natural habitats in Türkiye, were removed at the seed tip. Seeds with or without caruncle were immersed in GA 3 and KNO 3 at concentrations of 0, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm. Germination and seedling growth parameters were evaluated. Removing the caruncle from the seeds significantly improved germination (from 14.7 to 73.5%) and seedling growth characteristics. Application of KNO 3 to the seeds without caruncle shortened mean germination time. GA 3 promoted root elongation, but shoot growth was induced by KNO 3 . Hydration had a stimulative effect on seedling fresh weight and dry matter, while the highest vigour index was identified in seeds primed with GA 3 . The beneficial effects of KNO 3 and GA 3 were maximal when treated with 500 ppm and 1000 ppm, respectively, while higher germination and better seedling growth were obtained from hydration compared to KNO 3 . It is suggested that the presence of the caruncle restricts germination and 1000 ppm GA 3 acts as a germination promotor in wild castor bean seeds.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the caruncle increased wild castor bean germination from 14.7 to 73.5%.
- Taxon
- wild castor beant0
- Treatment
- Removing the carunclee0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- from 14.7 to 73.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“Removing the caruncle from the seeds significantly improved germination (from 14.7 to 73.5%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Caruncle removal improved seedling growth characteristics.
- Taxon
- wild castor beant0
- Treatment
- Removing the carunclee0
- Outcome
- seedling growth characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“Removing the caruncle from the seeds significantly improved germination (from 14.7 to 73.5%) and seedling growth characteristics”
Claim · model-written summary
KNO 3 shortened mean germination time in seeds without caruncles.
- Taxon
- wild castor beant0
- Treatment
- Application of KNO 3e0
- Outcome
- mean germination timee0
- Direction
- shortenede0
- Qualifier
- seeds without carunclee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“Application of KNO 3 to the seeds without caruncle shortened mean germination time”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 3 promoted root elongation.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“GA 3 promoted root elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
KNO 3 induced shoot growth.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“shoot growth was induced by KNO 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydration stimulated seedling fresh weight and dry matter.
- Taxon
- wild castor beant0
- Treatment
- Hydratione0
- Outcome
- seedling fresh weight and dry mattere0
- Direction
- stimulativee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“Hydration had a stimulative effect on seedling fresh weight and dry matter”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 3 priming produced the highest vigour index.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“the highest vigour index was identified in seeds primed with GA 3”
Claim · model-written summary
KNO 3 had maximal beneficial effects at 500 ppm.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“The beneficial effects of KNO 3 and GA 3 were maximal when treated with 500 ppm and 1000 ppm, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
GA 3 had maximal beneficial effects at 1000 ppm.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“The beneficial effects of KNO 3 and GA 3 were maximal when treated with 500 ppm and 1000 ppm, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydration gave higher germination than KNO 3.
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“higher germination and better seedling growth were obtained from hydration compared to KNO 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydration gave better seedling growth than KNO 3.
Verbatim
t0“wild castor bean ( Ricinus communis L.)”
e0“higher germination and better seedling growth were obtained from hydration compared to KNO 3”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest 1000 ppm GA 3 as a germination promoter for wild castor bean seeds.
Verbatim
e0“1000 ppm GA 3 acts as a germination promotor in wild castor bean seeds”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.