Abstract
Globe artichoke is an ancient herbaceous plant native to the Mediterranean Basin. The edible part of the plant is limited to the fleshy leaves (bracts) and receptacle of a large immature inflorescence (head) that has been shown to be a rich source of bioactive compounds. Nutritional and pharmacological properties of artichoke heads and leaves are attributed mainly to polyphenolic compounds and inulin present at high concentration. In this study, polyphenols were investigated in two artichoke cultivars (Opal and Madrigal) in response to four nitrogen rates and foliar applications of biostimulating products under drip irrigation. Field experiments were carried out over two growing seasons (2015–2016, 2016–2017) in Policoro (MT), Southern Italy, on a deep clay soil in sub-humid climate conditions. Phenolic compounds were isolated and characterized by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) analysis. In both cultivars, caffeoylquinic acids were more abundant when a dose of 100 kg ha−1 of ammonium nitrate was provided, whereas apigenins were not affected by nitrogen fertilization. Luteolins increased in cv Opal and decreased in cv Madrigal following N fertilization. The application of biostimulants (3 L ha−1) favored the accumulation of polyphenols, in particular of caffeoylquinic acids and apigenin, in artichoke heads in both cultivars. The results obtained highlight some positive aspects related to the synergistic effect of nitrogen fertilization and biostimulant foliar application.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Caffeoylquinic acids were more abundant in both cultivars at 100 kg ha−1 ammonium nitrate.
- Taxon
- Globe Artichoke
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymust0 - Treatment
- 100 kg ha−1 of ammonium nitratee0
- Outcome
- caffeoylquinic acidse0
- Direction
- more abundante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both cultivars, caffeoylquinic acids were more abundant when a dose of 100 kg ha−1 of ammonium nitrate was provided”
t0“Globe Artichoke”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization did not affect apigenins in either cultivar.
- Taxon
- Globe ArtichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymust0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- apigeninse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apigenins were not affected by nitrogen fertilization”
e1“In both cultivars”
t0“Globe Artichoke”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization increased luteolins in cv Opal.
- Taxon
- Globe ArtichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymust0
- Material
- cv Opale0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Luteolinse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Luteolins increased in cv Opal and decreased in cv Madrigal following N fertilization.”
t0“Globe Artichoke”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization decreased luteolins in cv Madrigal.
- Taxon
- Globe ArtichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymust0
- Material
- cv Madrigale0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Luteolinse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Luteolins increased in cv Opal and decreased in cv Madrigal following N fertilization.”
t0“Globe Artichoke”
Claim · model-written summary
Biostimulants at 3 L ha−1 increased head polyphenol accumulation in both cultivars, especially caffeoylquinic acids and apigenin.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0
- Organ / stage
- headse0
- Treatment
- biostimulants (3 L ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of polyphenols, in particular of caffeoylquinic acids and apigenine0
- Direction
- favorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of biostimulants (3 L ha−1) favored the accumulation of polyphenols, in particular of caffeoylquinic acids and apigenin, in artichoke heads in both cultivars.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · molecular: metabolites · Cynara cardunculus (cardoon)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.