Abstract
The species composition of grass swards can be altered by differences in defoliation intensity. Differences in the response of plants of different species to defoliation intensity could be responsible, in part, for such differences in species composition. Our objective was to characterise the effects of defoliation intensity, in interaction with neighbour species, on the numbers of tillers per plant and plant mass of Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, Poa annua and Poa trivialis. We compared the effects of high and low intensities of defoliation on single target plants grown in 1 m2 plots of neighbour species. There were all possible combinations of target species and monocultures of neighbour species, with the same list of species used as targets and neighbours. Relative to L. perenne, P. annua had more tillers per plant and greater mass under the high than the low intensity cutting treatment. Thus, the effects of defoliation on plants can partly explain differences in the proportion of P. annua in short and tall swards dominated by L. perenne. There was no evidence that this was also true for P. trivialis. However, the results did predict that a low herbage height or biomass around mid-May might lead to a reduction in the proportion of P. trivialis in a pasture. As a neighbour, L. perenne reduced the number of tillers, or growing points, on target plants. T. repens as a neighbour increased the height of the target plants and it increased the plant mass of P. trivialis (perhaps as a result of a temporal niche separation). The Poa species as neighbours only affected the heights of the target plants. Neighbour species did not significantly affect the mass per tiller of the target plants. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.)
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Relative to L. perenne, P. annua had more tillers under high than low cutting intensity.
- Treatment
- highe0
- Interactor
- L. perenne
Lolium perennee0weed - Outcome
- tillers per plante0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- low intensity cutting treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to L. perenne, P. annua had more tillers per plant and greater mass under the high than the low intensity cutting treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative to L. perenne, P. annua had greater mass under high than low cutting intensity.
- Treatment
- highe0
- Interactor
- L. perenneLolium perennee0weed
- Outcome
- masse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- low intensity cutting treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to L. perenne, P. annua had more tillers per plant and greater mass under the high than the low intensity cutting treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low herbage height or biomass around mid-May was predicted to reduce the proportion of P. trivialis in pasture.
- Taxon
- P. trivialis
Poa trivialise0 - Outcome
- proportion of P. trivialise0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- around mid-Maye0
- Setting
- pasturee0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a low herbage height or biomass around mid-May might lead to a reduction in the proportion of P. trivialis in a pasture.”
Claim · model-written summary
L. perenne neighbours reduced tiller number on target plants.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens
Trifolium repensLolium perennePoa trivialis
Poa annuat0 - Treatment
- L. perennee0
- Interactor
- L. perenneLolium perennee0weed
- Outcome
- number of tillerse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As a neighbour, L. perenne reduced the number of tillers, or growing points, on target plants.”
t0“Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens”
Claim · model-written summary
T. repens neighbours increased target plant height.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repensTrifolium repensLolium perennePoa trivialisPoa annuat0
- Treatment
- T. repense0
- Interactor
- T. repensTrifolium repense0weed
- Outcome
- height of the target plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. repens as a neighbour increased the height of the target plants”
t0“Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens”
Claim · model-written summary
T. repens neighbours increased P. trivialis mass.
- Taxon
- P. trivialisPoa trivialise0
- Outcome
- plant mass of P. trivialise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the plant mass of P. trivialis”
Claim · model-written summary
Poa neighbours affected target plant heights.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repensTrifolium repensLolium perennePoa trivialisPoa annuat0
- Outcome
- heights of the target plantse0
PoaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Poa species as neighbours only affected the heights of the target plants.”
t0“Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens”
Claim · model-written summary
Neighbour species did not significantly affect target plant mass per tiller.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repensTrifolium repensLolium perennePoa trivialisPoa annuat0
- Treatment
- Neighbour speciese0
- Outcome
- mass per tillere0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neighbour species did not significantly affect the mass per tiller of the target plants.”
t0“Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens”
The same questions in other papers
Trifolium repens · growth · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
competition · yield · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.