Abstract
Abstract Autotetraploid watermelons were produced by treating the growing points of diploid seedlings with aqueous colchicine solution or by soaking diploid seeds in colchicine solution. The soaking method was more effective. Diploid pollen was apparently more viable than tetra-ploid pollen. Examination of germinating tetraploid pollen revealed that while over two-thirds germinated normally a small percentage sent forth 2, 3 or 4 normalsized pollen tubes or a single bifurcated tube. Germinating diploid pollen always put forth only one unbranched pollen tube. Tetraploid plants did not set fruit when pollinated with pollen from tetraploids; however, they did set fruit when pollinated with pollen from diploids. Cytological observations were made of pollen mother cells of both diploid and tetraploid plants. Meiosis in diploids was regular; however, irregularities were observed in tetraploids. Examination of some pollen mother cells of tetraploids at the quartette stage revealed micro sporocytes in addition to the 4 microspores. The abnormal quartette formations and lower pollen viability of tetraploids were believed associated with irregularities observed at meiosis. Preliminary investigations of megaspore formation revealed no apparent differences between the diploid and tetraploid megaspores. Although meiotic irregularities were found, a sufficient amount of apparently viable pollen was observed. A physiological basis for the self-sterility is suggested.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine seed soaking was more effective than growing-point treatment at producing autotetraploid watermelons.
- Taxon
- watermelons
Citrullus lanatuse0 - Treatment
- soaking diploid seeds in colchicine solutione0
- Outcome
- The soaking method was more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- treating the growing points of diploid seedlings with aqueous colchicine solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Autotetraploid watermelons were produced by treating the growing points of diploid seedlings with aqueous colchicine solution or by soaking diploid seeds in colchicine solution. The soaking method was more effective.”
Claim · model-written summary
Diploid pollen appeared more viable than tetraploid pollen.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- pollene0
- Outcome
- pollen was apparently more viablee0
- Direction
- more viablee0
- Comparator
- tetra-ploid pollene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diploid pollen was apparently more viable than tetra-ploid pollen.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Over two-thirds of tetraploid pollen germinated normally.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- tetraploid pollene1
- Outcome
- germinated normallye0
- Value
- over two-thirdse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“over two-thirds germinated normally”
e1“Examination of germinating tetraploid pollen revealed that”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
A small percentage of tetraploid pollen produced multiple normal-sized or one bifurcated pollen tube.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- tetraploid pollene1
- Outcome
- 2, 3 or 4 normalsized pollen tubes or a single bifurcated tubee0
- Value
- a small percentagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a small percentage sent forth 2, 3 or 4 normalsized pollen tubes or a single bifurcated tube.”
e1“tetraploid pollen”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Germinating diploid pollen produced only one unbranched pollen tube.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- Germinating diploid pollene0
- Outcome
- only one unbranched pollen tubee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germinating diploid pollen always put forth only one unbranched pollen tube.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid plants failed to set fruit after pollination with tetraploid pollen.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Material
- Tetraploid plantse0
- Treatment
- pollinated with pollen from tetraploidse0
- Outcome
- set fruite0
- Direction
- did note0
- Comparator
- pollinated with pollen from diploidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tetraploid plants did not set fruit when pollinated with pollen from tetraploids; however, they did set fruit when pollinated with pollen from diploids.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid plants set fruit after pollination with diploid pollen.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Material
- Tetraploid plantse0
- Treatment
- pollinated with pollen from diploidse0
- Outcome
- set fruite0
- Direction
- did sete0
- Comparator
- pollinated with pollen from tetraploidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tetraploid plants did not set fruit when pollinated with pollen from tetraploids; however, they did set fruit when pollinated with pollen from diploids.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Diploid meiosis was regular.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Material
- diploidse0
- Outcome
- Meiosis in diploids was regulare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Meiosis in diploids was regular; however, irregularities were observed in tetraploids.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid meiosis showed irregularities.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Material
- tetraploidse0
- Outcome
- irregularities were observed in tetraploidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Meiosis in diploids was regular; however, irregularities were observed in tetraploids.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Some tetraploid pollen mother cells contained microsporocytes in addition to four microspores at the quartette stage.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- pollen mother cellse0
- Outcome
- micro sporocytes in addition to the 4 microsporese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Examination of some pollen mother cells of tetraploids at the quartette stage revealed micro sporocytes in addition to the 4 microspores.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid and diploid megaspores showed no apparent differences in preliminary observations.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- megasporese0
- Outcome
- no apparent differencese0
- Direction
- no apparent differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preliminary investigations of megaspore formation revealed no apparent differences between the diploid and tetraploid megaspores.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploids still produced sufficient apparently viable pollen despite meiotic irregularities.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- pollene0
- Outcome
- a sufficient amount of apparently viable pollene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although meiotic irregularities were found, a sufficient amount of apparently viable pollen was observed.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors associated abnormal quartettes and lower tetraploid pollen viability with meiotic irregularities.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- lower pollen viabilitye0
- Qualifier
- irregularities observed at meiosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The abnormal quartette formations and lower pollen viability of tetraploids were believed associated with irregularities observed at meiosis.”
t0“Watermelons”
Claim · model-written summary
A physiological cause of autotetraploid watermelon self-sterility was suggested.
- Taxon
- WatermelonsCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- self-sterilitye0
- Qualifier
- A physiological basise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A physiological basis for the self-sterility is suggested.”
t0“Autotetraploid Watermelons”