Abstract
Common wheat, Triticum aestivum, is the most widely grown staple crop worldwide. To catch up with the increasing global population and cope with the changing climate, it is valuable to breed wheat cultivars that are tolerant to abiotic or shade stresses for density farming. Arabidopsis LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (AtHFR1), a photomorphogenesis-promoting factor, is involved in multiple light-related signaling pathways and inhibits seedling etiolation and shade avoidance. We report that overexpression of AtHFR1 in wheat inhibits etiolation phenotypes under various light and shade conditions, leading to shortened plant height and increased spike number relative to non-transgenic plants in the field. Ectopic expression of AtHFR1 in wheat increases the transcript levels of TaCAB and TaCHS as observed previously in Arabidopsis, indicating that the AtHFR1 transgene can activate the light signal transduction pathway in wheat. AtHFR1 transgenic seedlings significantly exhibit tolerance to osmotic stress during seed germination compared to non-transgenic wheat. The AtHFR1 transgene represses transcription of TaFT1, TaCO1, and TaCO2, delaying development of the shoot apex and heading in wheat. Furthermore, the AtHFR1 transgene in wheat inhibits transcript levels of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKEs (TaPIL13, TaPIL15-1B, and TaPIL15-1D), downregulating the target gene STAYGREEN (TaSGR), and thus delaying dark-induced leaf senescence. In the field, grain yields of three AtHFR1 transgenic lines were 18.2–48.1% higher than those of non-transgenic wheat. In summary, genetic modification of light signaling pathways using a photomorphogenesis-promoting factor has positive effects on grain yield due to changes in plant architecture and resource allocation and enhances tolerances to osmotic stress and shade avoidance response.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 overexpression inhibited wheat etiolation under light and shade conditions.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- overexpression of AtHFR1e0
- Gene
- AtHFR1e0
- Outcome
- etiolation phenotypese0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Qualifier
- under various light and shade conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AtHFR1 in wheat inhibits etiolation phenotypes under various light and shade conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 overexpression shortened wheat plant height in the field relative to non-transgenic plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- overexpression of AtHFR1e1
- Gene
- AtHFR1e1
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- shortenede0
- Comparator
- non-transgenic plantse0
- Setting
- the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leading to shortened plant height and increased spike number relative to non-transgenic plants in the field”
e1“overexpression of AtHFR1 in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 overexpression increased wheat spike number in the field.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- overexpression of AtHFR1e1
- Outcome
- spike numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- non-transgenic plantse0
- Setting
- the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leading to shortened plant height and increased spike number relative to non-transgenic plants in the field”
e1“overexpression of AtHFR1 in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 expression increased TaCAB and TaCHS transcripts in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Ectopic expression of AtHFR1e0
- Gene
- TaCAB and TaCHSe0
- Outcome
- transcript levels of TaCAB and TaCHSe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectopic expression of AtHFR1 in wheat increases the transcript levels of TaCAB and TaCHS”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 seedlings showed greater osmotic stress tolerance during germination than non-transgenic wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- seed germinatione0
- Treatment
- AtHFR1 transgenice0
- Outcome
- tolerance to osmotic stresse0
- Comparator
- non-transgenic wheate0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AtHFR1 transgenic seedlings significantly exhibit tolerance to osmotic stress during seed germination compared to non-transgenic wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 repressed TaFT1, TaCO1 and TaCO2 transcription.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- AtHFR1 transgenee0
- Gene
- TaFT1, TaCO1, and TaCO2e0
- Outcome
- transcription of TaFT1, TaCO1, and TaCO2e0
- Direction
- repressese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The AtHFR1 transgene represses transcription of TaFT1, TaCO1, and TaCO2, delaying development of the shoot apex and heading in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 delayed shoot apex development and heading in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- AtHFR1 transgenee0
- Outcome
- development of the shoot apex and headinge0
- Direction
- delayinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The AtHFR1 transgene represses transcription of TaFT1, TaCO1, and TaCO2, delaying development of the shoot apex and heading in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 inhibited transcript levels of TaPIL13, TaPIL15-1B and TaPIL15-1D.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- AtHFR1 transgenee0
- Gene
- TaPIL13, TaPIL15-1B, and TaPIL15-1De0
- Outcome
- transcript levels of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKEse0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The AtHFR1 transgene in wheat inhibits transcript levels of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKEs (TaPIL13, TaPIL15-1B, and TaPIL15-1D)”
Claim · model-written summary
AtHFR1 downregulated TaSGR and delayed dark-induced leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- STAYGREEN (TaSGR)e0
- Outcome
- dark-induced leaf senescencee0
- Qualifier
- downregulating the target gene STAYGREEN (TaSGR)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“downregulating the target gene STAYGREEN (TaSGR), and thus delaying dark-induced leaf senescence”
e1“AtHFR1 transgene in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Three AtHFR1 wheat lines yielded 18.2–48.1% more grain than non-transgenic wheat in the field.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- three AtHFR1 transgenic linese0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 18.2–48.1%e0
- Comparator
- non-transgenic wheate0
- Setting
- the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, grain yields of three AtHFR1 transgenic lines were 18.2–48.1% higher than those of non-transgenic wheat”
The same questions in other papers
overexpression · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.