Abstract
Sunflower is the most important source of edible oil and fourth-largest oilseed crop in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using two organic fertilizers from various sources (compost coupled with biofertilizer (CCB), filter mud cake (FMC)) and comparing them to conventional inorganic fertilizers in their effect on the quality of sunflower seeds, sunflower oil, and soil properties. The data showed that the highest value of dry weight, plant height, disk dry weight in addition to chlorophyll content, and phenolic secondary metabolites in oil was measured after the application of inorganic fertilizer, while the use of organic fertilizer contributed to a substantial increase in the production yield of sunflower seeds, oil, and a high stalk yield compared with inorganic treatment. Oils produced from organic fertilizer (CCB and FMC) gave higher blue color values than inorganic ones and the most transparent oil was inorganic while the organic treatments produced darkest oils. The results for chemical composition of sunflower seeds showed nonsignificant differences for protein and ash among all treatments while a significant difference with regard to oil content was recorded, in which the FMC recorded the highest oil content followed by compost (CCB), and finally came the inorganic treatment. Organic fertilizers are a valuable source of organic material and nutrients essential for plants and can be safely used for soil, crops, and the environment.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic fertilizer gave the highest dry weight, plant height and disk dry weight.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- dry weight, plant height, disk dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest value of dry weight, plant height, disk dry weight in addition to chlorophyll content, and phenolic secondary metabolites in oil was measured after the application of inorganic fertilizer”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic fertilizer gave the highest chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest value of dry weight, plant height, disk dry weight in addition to chlorophyll content, and phenolic secondary metabolites in oil was measured after the application of inorganic fertilizer”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic fertilizer gave the highest oil phenolic secondary metabolites.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- phenolic secondary metabolites in oile0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest value of dry weight, plant height, disk dry weight in addition to chlorophyll content, and phenolic secondary metabolites in oil was measured after the application of inorganic fertilizer”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer increased sunflower seed yield compared with inorganic treatment.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- production yield of sunflower seedse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- inorganic treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of organic fertilizer contributed to a substantial increase in the production yield of sunflower seeds, oil, and a high stalk yield compared with inorganic treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer increased sunflower oil production compared with inorganic treatment.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- oile0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- inorganic treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of organic fertilizer contributed to a substantial increase in the production yield of sunflower seeds, oil, and a high stalk yield compared with inorganic treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer gave high stalk yield compared with inorganic treatment.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- stalk yielde0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- inorganic treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of organic fertilizer contributed to a substantial increase in the production yield of sunflower seeds, oil, and a high stalk yield compared with inorganic treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer oils had higher blue color values than inorganic fertilizer oils.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizer (CCB and FMC)e0
- Outcome
- blue color valuese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- inorganic onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oils produced from organic fertilizer (CCB and FMC) gave higher blue color values than inorganic ones”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic fertilizer produced the most transparent oil.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inorganice0
- Outcome
- most transparent oile0
- Direction
- most transparente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most transparent oil was inorganic while the organic treatments produced darkest oils”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer produced the darkest oils.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- organic treatmentse0
- Outcome
- darkest oilse0
- Direction
- darkeste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most transparent oil was inorganic while the organic treatments produced darkest oils”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed protein content did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- nonsignificant differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nonsignificant differences for protein and ash among all treatments”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed ash content did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- ashe0
- Direction
- nonsignificant differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nonsignificant differences for protein and ash among all treatments”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed oil content differed significantly, highest with FMC, then CCB, then inorganic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- FMCe0
- Outcome
- oil contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- finally came the inorganic treatmente0
- Comparator
- compost (CCB)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant difference with regard to oil content was recorded, in which the FMC recorded the highest oil content followed by compost (CCB), and finally came the inorganic treatment”
t0“Sunflower Seeds and Oils”
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